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ANTI-FASCIST ARCHIVES
(Formerly Known by the Initials RFA)

An Archive Series Produced by David Emory

The Massive AFA-37 (see below) is now available in MP3
on one CD-ROM for $35.00 (vs. $200 for Tape)

AFA's 17-21, (the five part series Who Shot the Pope?) is now available in MP3 on one CD-ROM for $35.00 (vs. $120 for tape)

Please note that these CD ROMS are playable on computers, not standard CD music decks. Most modern PC's and Macs will do. Your computer must have a CD player, of course. If you have an older version of Win. 95 or 98 you may have to install an updated MS Media Player or other free software available on line. They may be damaged or unable to be played on a computer DVD CD player. See your manufacturer's instructions regarding CD-R (recordable CD's).

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AFA-1 Looking Back From 1984: The Hidden History of the Cold War, Part One (Approximately 225 minutes)

This broadcast examines international fascism as a reaction to the founding of the former Soviet Union and the growth of socialist movements in other countries and how this development led to World War II. The program focuses on the critical support American industrialists and financiers gave to Hitler's Germany and how this affected allied military policy during the war, as well as the incorporation of the Third Reich's intelligence forces into the CIA at the conflict's conclusion. Program highlights include: Herbert Hoover's diversion of aid requisitioned by Congress to Polish and Baltic armies fighting against the U.S.S.R. in the early 1920's; the growth of Mussolini's "corporate state" (as he termed his fascist system of government); the Hearst neswpaper chain's glowing portrayal of Nazi Germany and Fascist Italy prior to the outbreak of World War II; the American Legion's awarding of an honorary membership to Mussolini in 1935; the Curtis-Wright Company's deliberate betrayal of dive-bombing (a closely-guarded U.S. Navy technique) to the Axis powers; Alger Hiss' role as special counsel to the Nye-Vandenburg committee (investigating American corporations' aid to the Axis powers); the Allies' re-storation of fascist infrastructure in French North Africa and Italy following "liberation;" the British political betrayal of and military attacks upon the anti-fascist partisans in Greece before the end of the war; the formation of guerilla groups established by the Nazis during the war's closing days in order to fight against the Soviet Union; the adoption of the Nazi guerilla groups by the CIA and other Western intelligence agencies; the fierce warfare conducted by the fascist guerillas (under Western sponsorship) in Poland and the former Soviet Union until 1953; the incorporation of the Nazi Eastern Front intelligence organization into the CIA (under the stewardship of its wartime head, General Reinhard Gehlen); the Third Reich genesis of many of the "catch-phrases" of the Cold War, including "Better Dead than Red" and "Iron Curtain." (See also: AFA #'s 2, 3, 10, 11, 14, 15, 17, 19, 22, 30, 36 and 37, Miscellaneous Archive Shows M11, M12, M26, M31, M34, M42, M49, M59, M60, M61, as well as FTR #'s 6, 25, 29, 36-38, 44, 48, 49, 50, 58, 70-72, 81, 86, 87, 94, 99, 102, 113, 114, 121.) (Recorded in April of 1984.)

AFA-2 Looking Back from 1984, The Hidden History of the Cold War, Part II (Approximately 225 minutes)

Picking up where part one left off, this program begins with an examination of the role of SS veterans in the formation of the Green Berets. Formed initially under the auspices of the CIA, the Green Berets grew under the CIA stewardship of SS Brigadier General Franz Alfred Six, SS Colonel Emil Augsburg (like Six, a veteran of Hitler's "Final Solution" to the "Jewish Problem") and Michael Achmeteli, a White Russian and Nazi collaborator who worked closely with the SS and was viewed as an expert on the former Soviet Union. The Green Berets were formed against the background of the guerilla warfare that raged in Eastern Europe and the former U.S.S.R. for years after the formal conclusion of World War II. (See AFA-1 for more details.) The program then highlights the deliberate sabotaging of the de-Nazification of Germany after the war. Derailed by political and economic forces sympathetic to fascism, many of which had enthusiastically supported Hitler and Mussolini before the war, this failure resulted in the return to power of the same industrialists and financiers who had supported Hitler. Even more importantly, Nazis and Nazi collaborators were put right back in positions of political power in Germany, where they pursued a policy of restoring Germany's "lost territories," including parts of Poland, the Czech Republic and the former Soviet Union. The program also focuses on: the Nazi antecedents of Interpol (the international police organization); the role of Herbert Hoover in helping to foil de-Nazification of German industry at the end of World War II; the Nazi sympathies of Whittaker Chambers (the principal accuser of Alger Hiss); Senator Joe McCarthy's persecution of American P.O.W.'s who survived a Nazi massacre at the Battle of the Bulge; Joe McCarthy's prominent, pro-Nazi political backers; the role of Richard Nixon in blocking a congressional move to breakup of I.G. Farben (the Nazi chemical giant); Nixon's sponsorship of a prominent Rumanian war criminal's residence in the United States and Nixon's invitation to another Rumanian Iron Guard butcher to give the opening prayer before the U.S. Senate in 1955. (See also: AFA #'s 1, 3, 10, 11, 14, 15, 17, 19, 22, 30, 36 and 37, Miscellaneous Archive Shows M11, M12, M26, M31, M34, M42, M49, M59, M60, M61, as well as FTR #'s 6, 25, 29, 36-38, 44, 48, 49, 50, 58, 70-72, 81, 86, 87, 94, 99, 102, 113, 114, 121.) (Recorded on 5/23/84.)

AFA-3 Reinhard Gehlen and His Organization (Approximately 90 minutes)

The third program in the series focuses on the pivotal role Hitler's top spymaster (General Reinhard Gehlen) and his organization played in post-World War II history. In charge of all intelligence on the Eastern Front during the war, Gehlen's organization was adopted by U.S. intelligence after the war and became, in turn, the CIA's intelligence eyes and ears on the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe, the de-facto NATO intelligence organization and the intelligence service of the Federal Republic of Germany, the BND. In this capacity, Gehlen was able to exert a profound influence on the course of world events. Despite a pledge to his American sponsors not to employ war criminals, from the first, Gehlen did not hesitate to utilize some of the worst offenders. SS colonel Otto Skorzeny put his post-war ODESSA network of SS men to work for Gehlen as part of the latter's operation. This broadcast documents Gehlen's use of Skorzeny and a force composed largely of veterans of Hitler's "Final Solution" to train the Egyptian intelligence service, having undertaken the mission on behalf of the CIA. Program highlights include: Gehlen's central role in the creation of Radio Free Europe; an interview with Gehlen; Gehlen's employment of Eichman's superior in the Final Solution, Otto Von Bolschwing; the appointment of Von Bolschwing associate Helene Van Damme to serve as White House specialist for Presidential personnel; Skorzeny's creation and training of the first Palestinian terrorist groups while serving on the Gehlen-CIA mission in Egypt in the 1950's; Gehlen's use of Adolph Eichman in the Skorzeny/CIA/Gehlen mission in Egypt; text of a rare interview with Gehlen, in which he demonstrated his unreconstructed Nazi sympathies; Gehlen's pivotal role in the establishment of Radio Free Europe; a history of Gehlen operative Helmut Streicher, a former SS officer, whose intelligence activities ranged from the Eastern Front in World War II to the Bay of Pigs invasion; Gehlen's work as a minister in "the Evangelical Church," following his alleged retirement from the BND (Germany's intelligence service and the final incarnation of Gehlen's Nazi spy outfit.) (See also: AFA #'s 1, 2, 3, 10, 11, 14, 15, 17, 19, 22, 30, 36 and 37, Miscellaneous Archive Shows M11, M12, M26, M31, M34, M42, M49, M59, M60, M61, as well as FTR #'s 6, 25, 29, 36-38, 44, 48, 49, 50, 58, 70-72, 81, 86, 87, 94, 99, 102, 113, 114, 121.) (Recorded on 6/21/84.)

AFA-4 Terpil, Wilson & Company (Approx. 200 min.)

Covering the numerous and varied activities of the notorious "ex" CIA operatives Frank Terpil and Edwin Wilson, this program centers largely on the pair's activities training and equipping some of the world's most notorious "left-wing" terrorists. Mohammar Khadafy's terrorist cadre, the Red Brigades and Carlos the Jackal were allegedly among the recipients of Wilson and Terpil's expertise. Although they supposedly performed as renegades, they claimed that their activities supportive of "left" terror were performed at the bequest of U.S. intelligence. This program presents information which bolsters this contention. Many of the people and elements discussed in this broadcast later figured prominently in the Iran-Contra scandal. Program Highlights Include: the group's use of active-duty Green Berets to train Khadafy's terrorists; Ed Wilson's operation of Task Force 157, an intelligence operation that spawned the Nugan Hand Bank (a CIA-connected bank that laundered drug and arms deal profits); Wilson's role in brokering shipments of U.S. arms to Egypt; Eyewitness substantiation of the duo's connection to Carlos the Jackal; the role of former CIA officials Theodore Shackley and Thomas Clines in Terpil and Wilson's activities; the untimely deaths of numerous witnesses to, or participants in, the pair's operations; Wilson's past operations for CIA, including the Bay of Pigs project and the U-2 spy plane; Wilson's alleged role in procuring explosives for the assassination of Orlando Letelier; Wilson's connections to Republican kingmaker Robert Keith Gray; allegations of connections between Terpil and a drug-smuggling gang known as "The Company;" Terpil's claims that drug profits from the above-mentioned Nugan Hand Bank sustained U.S. electronic surveillance facilities in Australia; statements from former U.S. intelligence officers that the Terpil-Wilson operations in Libya were, indeed, officially sanctioned; allegations that a "tame CIA insider" deflected Congressional inquiries into Terpil and Wilson's activities; Libyan strongman Khadafy's bankrolling of the Paladin Group, a fascist mercenary organization; a Latin-American assassination consortium known as "Operation Condor." (See also: AFA #'s 20, 21, 22, 25, 26, 27, 29, 30, 31, 35, as well as FTR #'s 110, 111, 112, 115, 116.) (Recorded on 8/21/84.)

AFA-5 Operation Mind Control, Part One (Approx. 240 minutes)

The first broadcast of a three-part series, this program covers the successful attempts by U.S. intelligence to develop techniques for manipulating individual behavior in a manner that subverts human will and consciousness. The discussion focuses on methods of causing people to commit assassinations against their will and without their conscious knowledge. Program highlights include: discussion of a former U.S. intelligence operative who had mind-control devices surgically-implanted in his head and was unable to get them removed; the role of military intelligence in financing the research of Jose Delgado, a pioneer in the control of behavior through surgical implantation of electrodes in the brain; early mind-control experiments demonstrating that hypnotized subjects can be made to commit acts normally repugnant to them; an insidious mind-control methodology called "RHIC-EDOM" ("radio-hypnotic, intracerebral control - electronic dissolution of memory"), in which the levels of a key neuro-transmitter called acetylcholine are manipulated in such a manner as to cause the "subject" to act without conscious knowledge or subsequent recollection of acts committed while affected by the process; the story of apparent former U.S. intelligence operative Angel Castillo, programmed with multiple personalities (some of them developed for assassination operations) and allegedly recruited as a back-up shooter for the assassination of President Kennedy; a U.S. Navy project involving the use of audio-visual desensitization to condition "passive-aggressive" personalities as assassins; an interview with a former U.S. government assassin, who discusses successful use of mind control in assassination operations and maintains that the United States has been taken over by the national security establishment; advanced mind-control research directed toward reading the human mind. (See also AFA #'s 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 28, as well as Miscellaneous Archive Shows M2, M9, M14-17, M27, M30, M53, M55, FTR #'s 64, 67, 68, 84 and a lecture entitled "The Political Implications of the UFO Phenomenon and the ET Myth.") (Recorded on 9/25/84.)

AFA-6 Operation Mind Control, Part Two (Approx. 200 minutes)

Continuing from the point at which AFA-5 left off, this broadcast begins with analysis of the apparent role of mind control in this country's political assassinations. Wrongly convicted as the assassin of Robert Kennedy, Sirhan Sirhan appears to have been the victim of mind control. The broadcast presents a number of possible "programmers," notably Dr. William J. Bryan, trained hypnotist, self-described CIA employee and an individual who may have been involved with programming Arthur Bremer (the accused shooter of Governor George Wallace.) A number of clues point to Bryan as Sirhan's programmer. The program casts aspersions on the role of Dr. Bernard Diamond's diagnosis of Sirhan as a "paranoid schizophrenic." The discussion also highlights the curious "suicide" of Oswald handler George de Mohrenschildt, shortly before his scheduled interview with staff members of the House Select Committee on Assassinations. Many (including family members) believe de Mohrenschildt had been hypno-programmed to commit suicide. (One of the focal points of the CIA's MK/Ultra mind-control research was developing the capacity to program subjects to commit suicide after performing an assassination.) The program also touches on James Earl Ray's interest in and involvement with, hypnosis (Ray was the apparent patsy in the assassination of Martin Luther King.) Other program highlights include: the CIA's hypno-programming of famed fashion model Candy Jones; the mind-control indoctrination of virulently racist and anti-semitic attitudes into the previously-liberal Candy; attempts to induce Candy to kill herself when her husband (famed talk-show host "Long John" Nebel) began to de-program her; a talk by Joe Holsinger (former legislative assistant to the late Representative Leo Ryan), in which Holsinger cites indications that People's Temple may have been an extension of the intelligence community's mind control programs; the role of alleged CIA officer George Phillip Blakey in establishing the Jonestown compound; the fact that most of the Jonestown victims had been murdered (they were not suicides, as generally reported); the presence of large amounts of psychiatric drugs at the Jonestown site; Temple stalwart Lawrence Layton, Senior's activities on behalf of the National Security establishment; the presence at Jonestown of CIA's Guyanese Station Chief Richard Dwyer shortly before the massacre began; structural similarities between the People's Temple and features of the MK/Ultra program. (See also AFA #'s 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 28, as well as Miscellaneous Archive Shows M2, M9, M14-17, M27, M30, M53, M55, FTR #'s 64, 67, 68, 84 and a lecture entitled "The Political Implications of the UFO Phenomenon and the ET Myth." For information on the JFK assassination, see The Guns of November series and the citations referenced at the end of the programs' descriptions.) (Recorded on 11/29/84.)

AFA-7 Operation Mind Control, Part Three (Approx. 250 minutes)

Resuming the discussion from the end of AFA-6, the program explores the intelligence establishment's use of mind-control cults . After indications that the People's Temple may have been an intelligence operation, the program presents information about the Rajneesh cult suggestive of similar possibilities. Much of the analysis focuses on Reverend Moon's Unification Church. Mr. Emory hypothesizes that Moon's organization is an extension of the Japanese Patriotic and Ultra-Nationalist Societies, which paved the way for fascism's rise in Japan through a program of political assassinations, intimidation, bribery and propaganda. Superficially Korean, the Moon organization drew heavily on capital and manpower from the fascist infrastructure of Imperial Japan. In the United States, the Unification Church is very well-connected to elements of the American intelligence establishment and the right wing. The program concludes with an examination of the Ananda Marga organization, a fiercely anti-communist cult, purporting to derive from Indian spiritual traditions. Program highlights include: the Nazi antecedents of the Philip family (involved with Jonestown); an order to cease identification of the dead at Jonestown given by National Security Advisor Robert Pastor to the military commander of the U.S. forces a the massacre site; the pivotal role of Japanese war criminals Yoshio Kodama and Royichi Sasakawa in the development of the Moon organization; Moon aide Bo Hi Pak's background in the Imperial Japanese Army; the anti-Christian, anti-American ideology of the Unification Church; connections of the Moon group to Watergate Special Prosecutor Leon Jaworski and conservative organizer Richard Viguerie; the suspicious death of Robert Boettcher, a key aide investigating the Moon organization in connection with the Koreagate scandal; discussion of the Japanese Patriotic societies; the activities of Axis spy Subas Chandra Bose (the founder of Ananda Marga was a roommate of his); allegations of terrorism lodged against the Ananda Marga group in India. (See also: AFA #'s 6, 7, 8, 9, 11, 28, as well as Miscellaneous Archive Shows M2, M9, M14-17, M27, M30, M53, M55, FTR #'s 64, 67, 68, 84 and a lecture entitled "The Political Implications of the UFO Phenomenon and the ET Myth.") (Recorded in January of 1985.)

AFA-8 The Assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr. (Approximately 200 minutes)

Officially pinned on James Earl Ray (another "lone-nut"), the killing of Dr. King was actually the result of a large conspiracy, comprised of powerful interests. This program details the role of elements of the U.S. intelligence community, right-wing organizations and organized crime in the assassination. Beginning with the revelations of Robert Byron Watson, the discussion relates Watson's accidental discovery of part of the assassination conspiracy. Employed at the Magellan Art Gallery in Atlanta, Watson learned that co-workers of his were involved with a criminal organization that smuggled gold and drugs. Overlapping both the intelligence community and the right-wing, the organization had allegedly contributed personnel to the conspiracy to murder President Kennedy. Watson overheard co-workers discussing the (then) forthcoming killing of Martin Luther King, as well as the (then) impending assassination of Robert Kennedy. In the same discussion, Watson learned that plans were afoot to dispatch Governor George Wallace (whose 1972 bid for the Presidency was ended by gunfire.) Investigators checking Watson's story found it credible and Watson was threatened with both his and his mother's death if he talked. Other highlights include: the role of alleged King assassination conspirator Jack Youngblood in the 1954 coup against President Arbenz in Guatemala; analysis of the "eggs and sausages man" (believed by some to have been involved in the killing); the FBI and CIA/Bay of Pigs background of Arthur Hanes (one of James Earl Ray's defense attorneys); Hanes' role in defending perpetrators of the 16th Street Baptist Church bombing; the statements of Joseph Adams Milteer connecting that bombing with the assassinations of President Kennedy and Martin Luther King; Ray attorney Percy Foreman's work on behalf of Jack Ruby; domestic fascist J.B. Stoner's tenure as Ray's lawyer; physical evidence that Ray was not the assassin; eyewitness testimony indicating that Ray was not the killer; the dubious testimony of Charles Q. Stephens (the only "eyewitness" to connect Ray with the rooming house from which he supposedly fired the fatal shot); evidence suggesting that Dr. King was aware of his impending death; connections between Dr. King's assassination and the 1978 Jonestown massacre; Dr. King's final speech, given on the night before his murder. (See also: AFA #'s 6, 9, 13, Guns of November, Parts 1 and 4, Miscellaneous Archive Shows M22 and M25, as well as FTR #'s 46, 104, 133.) (Recorded on 4/4/85.)

AFA-9 The Assassination of Robert F. Kennedy (Approximately 250 minutes)

The killing of Senator Robert F. Kennedy is often perceived as the one major American political assassination that was indisputably the work of a "lone-nut." Although the crime superficially appeared to be the work of Sirhan Sirhan acting alone, there is conclusive evidence that such was not the case. The program presents forensic evidence that points conclusively to more than one gunman being involved. Coroner Thomas Noguchi's autopsy revealed that the fatal shot was fired from a few inches from the back of Senator Kennedy's head. Sirhan was standing several feet in front of Kennedy. Noguchi stated that just before he was to testify in court, a member of the D.A.'s office tried to get him to change his testimony. In addition to firm indications that more than 8 shots were fired (Sirhan's gun only held 8 shots), the program presents evidence that Los Angeles Police personnel destroyed evidence that Sirhan did not act alone. The program highlights the role of former Los Angeles Mayor Sam Yorty and former Los Angeles Police Chief Thomas Reddin in laying a misleading trail of "evidence" pointing to Sirhan as the lone-nut assassin. Contrary to the official story, numerous eyewitnesses believed that people other than Sirhan were involved. Much of the program focuses on the Reverend Jerry Owen, a right-wing minister believed by many to have been one of Sirhan's handlers. Connected to a political milieu that was investigated by New Orleans D.A. Jim Garrison in connection with President Kennedy's assassination, Owen gave conflicting accounts of how he came to give Sirhan a ride on the evening of the assassination. In a subsequent court case, testimony was given by associates of Owen that placed him in the company of Sirhan well before he claims to have met the accused assassin. Owen possessed a large amount of cash in large bills at the time. Other program highlights include: evidence that Sirhan had been placed under mind control; discussion of Dr. William J. Bryan (Sirhan's probable mind-control programmer); the role of the American United organization of Anthony Hilder and John Steinbacher in spreading disinformation about the assassination; the presence of Ed Butler at a press conference staged by Hilder and Steinbacher the day after the killing (Butler had arranged for media appearances for Lee Harvey Oswald in New Orleans, at which Oswald proclaimed his supposed Marxist sympathies); links between Hilder and Steinbacher and people investigated by Jim Garrison in New Orleans; Hilder's curious behavior in December of 1967, indicating possible foreknowledge of the assassination of Dr. Martin Luther King; Jerry Owen's connections to Gail Aiken, the sister of Arthur Bremer (the accused shooter of Alabama Gov. George Wallace); the fascist and national security connections of Thane Eugene Caesar, the security guard believed by many to have been the actual assassin; connections between the Sirhan family and political supporters of Richard Nixon; the intelligence backgrounds of Manny Pena and Enrique Hernandez, the L.A.P.D. officers who supervised the "investigation" into Kennedy's slaying. (See also: The Guns of November, Parts 1-4, AFA #'s 5, 6, 8, 10, 11, 12, 13, 15, 37, Miscellaneous Archive Shows M3, M20, M22, M25, M29, M37, M38, M56, M59, M60, as well as FTR #'s 8, 19, 46, 47, 54, 62, 63, 71, 72, 76, 104, 110, 111, 115, 116, 120, 158.) (Recorded on 6/5/85.)

AFA-10 The Aryan Nations - Past Coup Attempts in the U.S. (Approximately 180 Minutes)

First of a four-part series about fascism in America, this program documents the early growth and powerful nature of American fascism. Much of the program centers on the actions of American industrialists and financiers sympathetic to fascism, most of whom were also professionally connected to corporate elements in Nazi Germany. The bulk of the program is analysis and history of the relationship of the Morgan and Dupont interests to the MacArthur Group in the military (General Douglas MacArthur and an important group of high-ranking officers on his staff.) The machinations of this economic, miliary and polical milieu are the focus of much of the program. The broadcast highlights the 1934 coup attempt by powerful members of America's corporate elite. Dissatisfied to the point of treason by President Roosevelt's New Deal, they sought to overthrow FDR and install a Mussolini-style "corporate state." (See Miscellaneous Archive Show M42.) The conspirators sought to utilize an armed force of World War I veterans, led by Marine Corps Major General Smedley Butler, a two-time winner of the Congressional Medal of Honor. A true patriot, Butler pretended to go along with the conspirators, but actually informed the Roosevelt administration of the plot. During the subsequent Congressional investigation, Butler revealed that among the central conspirators were members of the Morgan-Dupont economic axis and that Douglas MacArthur had been the plotters' first choice to lead the coup. The program also documents the involvement of elements of the MacArthur/Morgan/Dupont milieu in subsequent attempts to overthrow FDR. Some of those attempts were undertaken in conjunction with Third Reich intelligence officers and with the knowledge and blessing of the Nazi leadership. The program concludes with history and analysis of the program of assassination and terror conducted by the so-called "Black Reichswehr" (para-military units functioning at the behest of the German military leadership.) This assassination program paved the way for Hitler's rise to power. Program highlights include: the Nazi /fascist background of Major General Charles Willoughby (Douglas MacArthur's top intelligence officer from 1939 through the beginning of the Korean War); MacArthur's selection of Andres Soriano (a prominent Phillipine fascist) to hold a key post in the islands after "liberation;" the support given by the 1934 coup backers to Hitler; MacArthur staffer General George Van Horne Moseley's collaboration with German intelligence in an attempt to overthrow FDR; American fascist William Dudley Pelley's treasonous attempts to help overthrow Roosevelt (also undertaken in conjunction with German intelligence); the post-World War II American right's adoption of the ideological line of the pre-war domestic fascists; the connections of the early Nazi party in Germany to Reichswehr intelligence. (See also: AFA #'s 1, 2, 11, 12, 13, as well as FTR #'s 26, 27, 36, 37, 38, 60, 88, 89, 90, 92, 97.) (Recorded on 7/11/85.)

AFA-11 The Aryan Nations, Part II - The John Birch Society (Approximately 90 minutes)

Most Americans have heard of the John Birch Society, but few know much about its origins and history. Continuing the line of analysis from AFA-10, this program documents the reality of this organization. Concentrating on attempts to overthrow constitutional government in the United States, the program emphasizes the role of the "China Lobby," elements of the John Birch Society and their respective roles in the assassination of President Kennedy. The broadcast delineates the evolution of the China Lobby, dating from the end of World War II. Society figurehead John Birch was the intelligence officer for General Claire Chenault's Flying Tigers in World War II, subsequently serving with the OSS China contingent. Birch was killed recruiting Chinese collaborationst troops to fight the Chinese communists. (These collaborationist forces had served the Japanese during World War II.) Coming little more than a week after the end of the war in the Pacific, his death was heralded by the American right as "the beginning of World War III." The discussion turns to other instances of Japanese and/or Axis forces being recruited by the U.S. and the Kuomintang to fight against Mao Tse Tung's forces. (As late as 1947, there were 90,000 fully-armed Japanese troops in Northwest Manchuria alone helping to guard the railway system for Chiang Kai Chek's forces.) The "China Lobby" evolved from American military and intelligence personnel who served in China during the war. Most important of these was General Albert C. Wedemeyer, who replaced General Joseph Stillwell as American military liason to Chiang Kai Chek. (Birch had been under Wedemeyer's command at the time of his death.) Educated (in part) at the German military academy in Nazi Germany, Wedemeyer rented his apartment from Gerhard Rossbach. Along with Ernst Rohm, Rossbach had commanded the SA and worked for the CIA after the war. Wedemeyer remains the chief suspect in the deliberate betrayal of the U.S. mobibilization for World War II to the Chicago Tribune, bitterly opposed to both FDR and the prospect of American entry into the war. Its publication fundamentally compromised U.S. military preparation for war. Wedemeyer became a lynchpin of the China Lobby and a darling of the far right in the 1940's and 50's. In the 1980's, Reagan appointed the reactivated Wedemeyer to a special military position. The program centers on the working hypothesis that elements of the John Birch Society served as a front, enabling reactionary elements of the military to project their activities into civilian society in order to affect political reaction. In this respect, the organization functioned in a manner roughly analogous to the German Nazi Party in the 1920's. The program highlights the overlapping elements between the China Lobby and the JBS. Elements of the John Birch Society participated in the assassination of President Kennedy, functioning in conjunction with fascist and Nazi elements dating from World War II. Mr. Emory conceptualizes Kennedy's assassination as the resolution of a constitutional struggle between the civilian and military sectors of American society, the culmination of a chain of events begun with the 1934 coup attempt and the coming of fascism to America. Program highlights include: Gestapo spy Louis Siefken's stint as Chiang Kai Chek's intelligence chief during the war; General Edwin Walker's service as chief U.S. military adviser to Chiang in the 1950's; Walker's political conflicts with Kennedy; the alleged "attempt" by Oswald in April of 1963; the staging of the alleged Oswald/Walker incident by Larrie Schmidt and American Nazi elements spawned within American Army units in Germany; the collaboration of the Schmidt/ CUSA milieu with the H.L. Hunt financial empire, elements associated with the Anti-Bolshevik Bloc Nations, the Gehlen spy outfit and World War II era German Nazis; the Hunt- sponsored American Volunteer Group (formed to assassinate American political figures); the genesis of the group's title with the Flying Tigers (Birch's unit). (See also: G1, G2, G3, G4, AFA #'s 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 24, 37, Miscellaneous Archive Shows M3, M20, M22, M25, M29, M37, M38, M56, M59, M60, as well as FTR #'s 8, 19, 26, 27, 36, 37, 38, 46, 47, 54, 60, 62, 63, 71, 72, 76, 88, 89, 90, 92, 97, 104, 110, 111, 115, 116, 120, 158.) (Recorded 9/18/85.)

AFA-12 The Aryan Nations, Part III (Approximately 230 minutes.)

This program details the involvement of groups and individuals discussed in AFA #'s 10 & 11 in the assassinations of President Kennedy, his brother Robert and Martin Luther King. Particular emphasis is on the role played in the JFK assassination by neo-Nazis and Bay of Pigs veterans enraged by President Kennedy's little-known attempts to normalize diplomatic relations with Cuba's Fidel Castro. Two pivotal and overlapping elements in Mr. Emory's analysis are what he termed "the Cuban Freikorps" and the historical/functional continuity between the China, Guatemala and Cuban lobbies. Many of the people and institutions that compromised the China Lobby (discussed in AFA-11) directed their energies toward the overthrow of Guatemalan president Jacobo Arbenz. (Arbenz was deposed in a CIA-led coup in 1954.) Those elements from the China/Guatemala lobby lent their efforts to the CIA-coordinated efforts to depose Castro. Following the unsuccessful Bay of Pigs invasion of 1961, a huge paramilitary milieu picked up where that invasion had left off. Officially "private," this milieu was actually a clandestine extension of the national security establishment coordinated by the intelligence community. In this regard, these anti-Castro warriors were analogous to the Freikorps or "Black Reichswehr," whose murderous activities in the 1920's helped overthrow the Weimar Republic (see AFA-10 and M5.) Far from acceding to the Cuban Freikorps' desire to depose Castro, President Kennedy was moving to normalize relations with Cuba at the time of his death. Utilizing a back-door diplomatic channel to Castro, Kennedy had worked out a tentative agreement with the Cuban strongman. The accord involved a quid pro quo, with Kennedy taking responsibility for the hated Batista dictatorship (overthrown by Castro's revolutionaries) on behalf of the United States and Castro was going to move away from the international communists in his own circle, Che Guevara in particular. (Castro, although Marxist, was primarily a Cuban nationalist and understood that the best long-term prospects for his country lay in a productive relationship with its giant neighbor to the North. His near brush with nuclear war in the Cuban missile crisis freshly in mind, Kennedy was attempting to end the Cold War.) There are firm indications that the anti-Castro Cuban community had learned of the secret negotiations, which further enraged them against Kennedy. At the moment that he heard that Kennedy had been killed, Castro was meeting with Jean Daniel, a French journalist serving as one of JFK's diplomatic representatives. Castro is reported to have said "this is bad news. bad news!" In the years since the assassination, Daniel, members of the Kennedy state department and Castro himself have confirmed this account. Program highlights include: the role of Loran Eugene Hall (investigated by New Orleans D.A. Jim Garrison in connection with the JFK assassination) in the "Cuban Freikorps;" Reagan aide (and later U.S. Attorney General) Ed Meese's efforts at submerging the truth concerning the Garrison investigaion by deep-sixing the extradition request for Edgar Eugene Bradley; the role of Soldier of Fortune editor Robert K. Brown in the Anti-Castro effort; Aryan Nations aide Keith Gilbert's attempt to kill Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. (he claims to have been protected and financed by powerful people while in prison for the attempt); Gilbert's links to Loran Eugene Hall and both men's connections to the milieu of Colonel William Potter Gale, a former MacArthur aide and a prime-mover in the Aryan Nations milieu. (See also: G1, G2, G3, G4, AFA #'s 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 13, 14, 15, 24, 37, Miscellaneous Archive Shows M3, M20, M22, M25, M29, M37, M38, M56, M59, M60, as well as FTR #'s 8, 19, 26, 27, 36, 37, 38, 46, 47, 54, 60, 62, 63, 71, 72, 76, 88, 89, 90, 92, 97, 104, 110, 111, 115, 116, 120, 158.) (Recorded 10/24/85.)

AFA-13 The Aryan Nations, Part IV - The Ku Klux Klan (Approximately 220 minutes)

The concluding installment of this episodic examination of American fascism, this broadcast highlights the involvement of Ku Klux Klan elements with elements of the national security establishment. Emphasizing the involvment of some of these elements with the assassinations of the Kennedy brothers and Martin Luther King, the program demonstrates that the Klan is far more than an amalgam of night-riding rednecks. In addition, involvement of Klan elements with instances of terrorism have helped to expose the ambiguous roles of some participants. After analyzing connections between a Sirhan double and Aryan Nations figure Keith Gilbert (mentioned in AFA-12 in connection with an attempt on the life of Martin Luther King), the discussion turns to the links between the 16th Street Baptist Church bombing and the assassinations of John Kennedy and Martin Luther King (see G-4, AFA-8). One of the most notorious incidents of violence during the civil rights struggles of the 1960's, the church bombing was perpetrated by Klan elements, led by Robert Chambliss. His defense was conducted by former Birmingham mayor Arthur Hanes Sr. In addition to representing Jame Earl Ray (see AFA-8), Hanes had worked for the FBI, CIA and was the mayor of Birmingham when that the city was at the center of the civil rights struggle. A recording made in early November of 1963 by a Miami police informant connects the 16th St. Baptist Church bombing with the assassinations of Martin Luther King and JFK. Discussed at some length in AFA-12, the "Cuban Freikorps" milieu involved numerous Klan elements, as well as American Nazi Party members and members of various paramilitary right-wing organizations. The discussion highlights the 3-bullet suicide of American Nazi Party member Daniel Burros at the home of Pennsylvania Klan member Roy Frankhouser. (Burros' name and phone number were in Oswald's address book at the time of his arrest.) Frankhouser has worked for the Federal Government, his role being variously described as working for CIA or National Security Council. Much of the program focuses on David Duke, the Louisiana fascist who has been a Nazi, a Klansman and a Republican candidate for office. Originally a member of George Lincoln Rockwell's American Nazi Party (Rockwell's address and phone number were also in Oswald's address book), Duke has maintained that he worked for the CIA in Southeast Asia. Although the Agency has denied Duke's assertion, private investigators who have investigated the Klan have concurred with Duke's claim of government service. The broadcast also details the involvement of numerous government agents (doubling as Klan & Nazi members) with a mixed Klan and Nazi contingent that massacred some communist demonstrators in Greensboro, North Carolina in 1979. The concluding section of the program looks at the Reagan administrations as the culmination of the development of American fascism and the ultimate exponent of "Freikorps methodology". Program highlights include: David Duke's role as an unindicted co-conspirator in an abbortive Klan and Nazi takeover of the Caribbean island of Domenica (all of the invasion's other planners were indicted.); the role of ATF agent Bernard Butkovich with the Klan and Nazi group that perpetrated the Greensboro massacre; the role of Ed Dawson (who led the Nazi & Klan caravan in Greensboro) as an FBI informant; the CIA background of the foreman of the jury that acquitted the Nazis & Klansmen of the Greensboro massacre; the influence of the abortive Klan-Nazi Domenican coup attempt in setting the stage for Domenica's participation in the U.S.-led invasion of Grenada; FBI informant Gary Thomas Rowe's role in the slaying of civil rights activist Viola Liuzzo; Louis Farrakhan's association with Nazi and white supremacist elements. (See also: G1, G2, G3, G4, AFA #'s 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 12, 14, 15, 24, 37, Miscellaneous Archive Shows M3, M20, M22, M25, M29, M37, M38, M52, M56, M59, M60, as well as FTR #'s 8, 19, 26, 27, 36, 37, 38, 46, 47, 54, 60, 62, 63, 71, 72, 76, 88, 89, 90, 92, 97, 104, 110, 111, 115, 116, 120, 158.) (Recorded 12/5/85.)

AFA-14 The World Anti-Communist League, Part One (Approximately 230 minutes)

Obscured by a name-change and the sands of time, the former World Anti-Communist League (WACL) has been eclipsed. Despite relative obscurity, the organization played a significant role in the politics of the second half of the 20th century. The first of a two-part series, this program documents the League's composition and activities, with particular emphasis on WACL elements in Asia and Europe. Mr. Emory's analysis focuses on the League (WACL), as the reformation of the Hitler-Goebbels Anti-Comintern of 1939-40. (The Anti-Comintern was a Third Reich-led, international consortium of fascists, fashioned by the Fuehrer and his propaganda chief. In addition to coordinating international fascist groups, it functioned as a "sales tool," with which the Nazis could use anti-communism to peddle their movement to conservatives.) The broadcast documents the overtly fascist antecedents of many of the individuals and organizations involved with WACL. With its roots in the original Anti-Comintern, the American Security Council is a key American link to WACL. Created by former FBI agents disgruntled at the demise of Senator Joseph McCarthy's "investigations," the American Security Council coalesced around the files of Harry Jung's American Vigilance Intelligence Federation. (Virulently anti-Semitic, Jung's organization was part of the original Anti-Comintern prior to World War II.) Counting among its ranks some of the most prominent names on the far right, the organization kept track of those it considered "subversive." The group shared its political intelligence with prospective employers (particularly defense contractors.) Third Reich veterans belonging to the European branch of WACL ran a similar organization in Germany; some of its principals had been with the Goebbels propaganda ministry and the original Anti-Comintern, as well. In addition to MacArthur's former intelligence chief Charles Willoughby, one of the ASC's most important members was General Albert Wedemeyer, a lynch-pin of the China Lobby. Recapitulating parts of AFA #'s 7 & 11, the broadcast sets forth the links between international fascism, the China Lobby and the Asian Peoples' Anti-Communist League or APACL (the Asian branch of WACL.) In addition to the fascist heritage of the Kuomintang (Chiang Kai-Shek's political party) , the program highlights the significant participation of the Moon organization and Japanese war criminals in the APACL. Royichi Sasakawa and Yoshio Kodama (both accused war criminals freed by the United States) were prominent in both the Unification Church and APACL. One of WACL's central elements, the Anti-Bolshevik Bloc of Nations (ABN) was essentially a re-naming of the Committee of Subjugated Nations, formed by Hitler in 1943. Comprised of fascist organizations allied with Hitler, such as the Organization of Ukrainian Nationalists/Bandera or OUN/B and Hungarian Arrow Cross, the ABN advocated an anti-communist approach that not only favored the rolling back of Soviet influence from Eastern Europe, but the dissolution of the Soviet Union into its constituent republics. A political goal of the Third Reich, the eventual resolution of events in the manner favored by ABN wasn't accidental. (AFA #'s 36 & 37 document the role of ABN elements in the destabilization of the former Soviet Union.) One of the elements represented in the ABN is the pan-Turkist movement. Allied with Nazi Germany in World War II and fascist in nature, the pan-Turkists had long sought to carve up the Soviet Union and restore the Ottomon Empire. The main contemporary vehicle of pan-Turkism is the National Action Party and its youth wing, the Grey Wolves. Founded by Alparslan Turkes (who advocated a war-time alliance between Turkey and Nazi Germany), its best-known member is Mehmet Ali Agca, convicted of shooting the Pope. An associate of the National Action Party, Ruzy Nazar, represented the ABN at a WACL conference in Dallas in 1984. The broadcast sets forth the history of the Promethean League, a pre-World War II anti-communist confederation. A direct predecessor of WACL, the Promethean League was based in Paris and had as its goal, the break-up of the former Soviet Union. It united a number of elements that also worked for the Nazis during the war and WACL afterward, including pan-Turkist and Ukrainian Nationalist elements. Program highlights include: the role of the American branch of WACL in generating support for the Contras; Turkes' role as a key Turkish representative to NATO; Ruzy Nazar's participation in an SS unit notorious for it extreme brutality; collaboration between Grey Wolf elements and Italian fascists associated with the P-2 Lodge and the Strategy of Tension (see AFA #'s 19-21); the career of SS veteran Theodor Oberlander, a Nazi war criminal and WACL member; the extermination of the Lodz (Poland) ghetto by the Einsatzgruppe Nightingale, composed of Ukrainian fascists associated with the OUN/B and commanded by Oberlander; Martin Bormann's creation of 750 corporations near the end of World War II, in order to finance the creation of a Fourth Reich. (See also: AFA #'s 1, 2, 3, 7, 10-13, 15, 19-21, 29, 30, 36, 37, Miscellaneous Archive Shows M43, M49, as well as FTR #'s 42, 43, 49, 52, 59.) (Recorded 1/14/86.)

AFA-15 The World Anti-Communist League, Part 2 (Approximately 200 minutes)

Continuing the discussion from AFA-14, this broadcast sets forth the operations of the Nazi and fascist elements described in that program at greater length. The first part of the program highlights the relationship between fascist elements of U.S. intelligence, the Autonomous University of Guadalajara (Mexico), the Latin American Branch of the former World Anti-Communist League and the formation and operation of Latin American Death Squads. Operating under the banner of the "White Hand," Latin American Death Squads were coordinated by the CAL (WACL's Latin American affiliate) and had the University as its epicenter. The program analyzes the genesis of this relationship in Guaemala, arising out of the 1954 CIA-backed coup that overthrew Jacobo Arbenz. Utilizing CAL, elements of the CIA-midwived the formation of the teror apparatus that sewed death and destruction in Guatemala and other Latin American countries in succeeding decades. (In March of 1999, President Clinton apologized on behalf of the United States for the bloodshed that the United States had been responsible for in Guatemala.) The program sets forth the pre-World War II background of "Los Tecos," the Mexican branch of CAL (based in Guadalajara.) Allied with Adolf Hitler, tutored by a member who had studied in Nazi Germany and espousing an anti-semitic and anti-catholic occultism, Los Tecos dominate the Autonomous University. Founded, in part, by the U.S. State Department and Agency for International Development (the latter a frequent cover for U.S. intelligence operations abroad), the University serves as an ideological training ground and operational coordinating center for the terror units of the White Hand. (This information was supplied by a member of the Honduran branch of the death squad apparatus.) The broadcast highlights the milieu's operations in El Salvador and Nicaragua, both operations coordinated with Ronald Reagan's CIA and both assisted (particularly in the beginning) by Argentine fascists. In addition, the program delineates the on-going relationship betwen the Autonomous University and thirteen different American universities. Visiting American students are obliged to comply with ideological training mandated by Los Tecos. The second half of the program presents information about the role of WACL elements in the assassination of President Kennedy. (The broadcast sets forth the thesis that the assassination was critical to the eventual formation of WACL. In 1963, the elements that were to formally coalesce as WACL were part of the W.A.C.C.F.L. - the World Anti-Communist Congress for Freedom and Liberation.) Much of the broadcast centers on disinformation (disseminated by WACCFL-related elements) pointing to Lee Harvey Oswald as a KGB-trained assassin. Attempting to pin the assassination on the Soviets and/or Cubans, these elements spurred many liberals to endorse the "Oswald as lone-nut" hypothesis. They were afraid that the assassination could lead to nuclear war, if the perception gained hold that Oswald was a communist. A central element in this disinformation ploy was an attempt to connect the JFK assassination to the death of Ukrainian fascist Stephan Bandera. Allegedly performed by an alleged KGB assassin named Bogdan Stashynsky, Bandera's murder took place on the same day that Oswald "defected" to the Soviet Union. (As described in AFA-14, Bandera and his OUN/B were key elements of the Anti-Bolshevik Bloc of Nations.) WACCFL elements disseminated the lie that Oswald was trained at the same facility as Stashynsky, and that the JFK hit was part of a Soviet program of assassination of Western political leaders. It should be noted that WACL-related elements also figured prominently in the "handling" of Oswald in New Orleans, Dallas and (possibly) the Soviet Union. Program highlights include: Kennedy's efforts to improve relations with the Soviet Union, including his June, 1963 speech at American University that acknowledged the Soviet Union's primary role in the defeat of Hitler and which called for a re-examination America's attitude toward the Cold War; Spas T. Raikin's greeting of the alleged traitor Oswald upon his return from the Soviet Union (Raikin was a former head of the American Friends of the Anti-Bolshevik Bloc of Nations); Guy Bannister's detective agency as the headquarters of the Anti-Communist League of the Caribbean (later incorporated into WACL); Bannister aide Maurice Brooks Gatlin's role in the formation of WACL; New Orleans Mafioso Carlos Marcello's association with Antonio Valladares, his Guatemalan attorney and a key figure in the formation of CAL (Marcello was connected to the JFK assassination); the role of WACCFL spokesperson Salvador Diaz Verson in disseminating the Oswald/Stashynsky/KGB canard; Ilya Mamantov and Igor Voshinin's handling of Marina Oswald after the assassination (both men were fascists associated with the WACCFL milieu); Charles Willoughby's International Committe for the Defense of Christian Culture, an international fascist intelligence network uniting Third Reich veterans with members of Texas' Hunt family; discussion of possible WACL connections to the assassination of Swedish Prime Minister Olaf Palme. (See also: G1, G2, G3, AFA #'s 5, 6, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 36, 37, Miscellaneous Archive Shows M3, M20, M22, M25, M29, M37, M38, M56, M59, M60, as well as FTR #'s 8, 19, 46, 47, 48-50, 54, 62, 63, 71, 72, 76, 104, 110, 111, 115, 116, 120, 142, 158.) (Recorded on 3/18/86.)

AFA-16 AIDS: Epidemic or Weapon? (Approximately 500 minutes.)

For all of the media attention devoted to the AIDS epidemic, comparatively little notice has been given to very disturbing evidence suggesting that the disease is man-made. Recorded in April of 1986, this program set forth this evidence, anticipating a path of inquiry followed by numerous researchers in the years since it was recorded. Beginning with American post-war shepherding of the personnel and files of Unit 731 (a notorious Japanese biological warfare center that specialized in experimenting on POW's, including Americans), the broadcast documents a history of U.S. chemical and biological warfare experiments on unwitting human subjects. In particular, the American CBW research precipitated joint U.S./British experiments on Third World populations, including people in areas where AIDS first appeared. One of the problems bedeviling biological warfare researchers was that infectious micro-organisms don't distinguish between "friendly" and "unfriendly" targets - they are likely to infect one's own personnel, as well as the enemy. To correct this, American researchers focused on biological differences between population groups that could be exploited for BW purposes. By 1962, the Pentagon employed 40 full-time geneticists. In 1969, a Dr. MacArthur addressed a congressional sub-committee preparing the defense budget for the next fiscal year. In his address, Dr. MacArthur suggested that advances in genetic engineering could permit the creation of immune-destroying biological warfare weapons "within the next 5 to 10 years." Most of AFA-16 consists of exploration of evidence that AIDS resulted from the successful realization of the project envisioned by MacArthur. Particular emphasis is on the National Cancer Institute's relationship to Fort Detrick (the Army's top BW research facility), as well as NCI's research into viral causes of cancer. Having allegedly "discovered" the HIV, the National Cancer Institute has co-habited Ft. Detrick, along with the Army, since 1971. Tabbed by Nixon to lead his "war on cancer," the NCI requisitioned Litton Bionetics to administer its Ft. Detrick facility. Originally christened as Bionetics Research Systems Incorporated, Litton Bionetics was a subsidiary of Litton Industries, a major defense contractor with significant ties to the Nixon administration. (Bionetics Research Systems Inc. had been involved with researching viral cancers in conjunction with NCI for several years.) Shortly after the "discovery" of the AIDS virus was announced in the spring of 1984, the National Security Agency reclassified the NCI's files "Top Secret." No satisfactory explanation was given for the decision. A critical portion of the program highlights the research of doctors and other medical professionals who share the belief that genetic engineering techniques may have been employed to create AIDS. The broadcast includes several supplements, recorded since the original 1986 recording. Program highlights include: AIDS "discoverer" Dr. Robert Gallo's work on immune-suppressant retro-viruses, undertaken on behalf of Bionetics Research Systems in the late 1960's (this work was done in conjunction with Ft. Detrick veterans as part of the NCI's research into cancer-causing viruses); connections between the NCI's viral cancer research program and the Naval Biosciences Laboratory in Oakland; the possibility that AIDS may have been distributed in Africa via the smallpox vaccination program; possible connections between AIDS and Swine Fever (allegedly used as a BW weapon against Cuban livestock during U.S. attempts to oust Castro); the hypothesis that AIDS may result from "cross-vectoring" (simultaneous infection with different pathogenic organisms); the possibility that AIDS may have been distributed in the U.S. via an experimental Hepatitis B vaccination program; the apparent intelligence background of Dr. Wolf Szmuness (who supervised the experimental Hepatitis B vaccine program); the fascistic use of AIDS to stigmatize and oppress those who suffer from the disease. (See also: FTR #'s 4, 16, 17, 24, 25, 35, 55, 56, 62, 63, 73, 76, 132, 140, 148.) (Recorded on 4/23/86 and featuring supplements.)

AFA-17 Who Shot the Pope?, Part 1 - Fascism and the Vatican (Approx. 240 min.)

One of the last major intelligence-related controversies of the Cold War, the shooting of Pope John Paul II in May of 1981 was widely and mistakenly blamed on the Soviet Union. The first in a series of programs about the attempt on the Pope's life, AFA-17 chronicles the evolution of the fascist elements that appear to have perpetrated that act. Terrified of communism, the Vatican actively supported European fascism prior to, during and after the Second World War. The Vatican/fascist association helped spawn institutions and networks which loom large in the investigation, such as the IOR (the Vatican Bank), the P-2 lodge of Mussolini supporter and former Waffen SS officer Licio Gelli and the Vatican's historical association with reactionary American and European intelligence elements. Much of the program focuses on Eugenio Pacelli (later Pope Pius the XII), members of the Pacelli family and their role in the Vatican/fascist alliance. As the Papal representative to Munich, then Archbishop Pacelli reportedly channeled Vatican funds to Adolf Hitler as early as 1919. Pacelli and close family members were instrumental in forging the Lateran Treaty of 1929. In addition to making Roman Catholicism the official state religion of Mussolini's Italy, the treaty established the Vatican as a sovereign state and led to the creation of the IOR (Institute for Religious Works), the Vatican Bank. With the establishment of the Vatican as a financial power, the stage was set for events leading to the probable murder of one Pope and the shooting of another. It should be noted that the Pacelli family profited handsomely from the treaty. Eugenio Pacelli's cozy relationships with fascists continued after he became Pope. With Pius XI having died before issuing a condemnation of Nazism, Pius XII (Pacelli) established a mutually beneficial relationship with the Fuehrer. The pope refrained from actively opposing Hitler and Hitler, in turn, established a "Church Tax," which added significantly to the Church's coffers in Germany. This tax was still part of the German tax structure in the mid 1980's. (It should be noted that Catholic priests in Germany were being persecuted by the Nazis, even as Pius XII and Hitler cooperated.) The broadcast highlights other areas of pre-war and wartime cooperation between fascists and the Vatican, including the unqualified support given by the Vatican to Franco's forces in Spain. One of the most overt instances of Vatican support for fascism came in wartime Croatia, where Catholic clergy blessed the death squads of the murderous pro-Nazi Ustashe and served in the Croatian Parliament. As defeat loomed for the Third Reich and its allies, the Vatican proved instrumental in helping to engineer the escape and survival of many notorious war criminals. This did much to ensure the perpetuation of fascism itself. Dubbed "the Rat Line" by U.S. intelligence officers, the Vatican escape route provided numerous Nazi fugitives with safe passage to political refuge in Latin America. (Many of them later went to work for U.S. and British intelligence, both of which actively aided the Vatican in arranging for the Nazis' successful flight from Europe.) In addition to Bishop Alois Hudal and Father Dragonovic (a Croatian priest), one of the most important figures in the operation of the Rat Line was Cardinal Giovanni Battista Montini. Montini provided many of the most heinous war criminals with Vatican diplomatic papers, assuring their escape. Montini later became Pope Paul VI. It is worth noting that the Rat Line began as a wartime German intelligence operation and was perpetuated in the post-war period through cooperation between the Vatican and Western intelligence. Program highlights include: the apparent clandestine cooperation between the Nazi foreign ministry, the Vatican and William Donovan (head of the OSS, America's wartime intelligence service) to open up the Western Front to American and British armies, assuring their deep penetration into Germany ahead of the Soviets; the alleged role of eventual P-2 Lodge head Licio Gelli in the operations of the Ratline; "Operation Bernhard" (an SS counterfeiting operation designed to wreck the British economy while simultaneously financing the operations of the Ratline); the connections of the Opus Dei order to Franco's Spain (John Paul II is close to Opus Dei); Pope John Paul II's selection of Nazi financier Hermann Abs (chairman emeritus of the Deutsche Bank) to help straighten out the Vatican Bank scandals of the early 1980's. (See also: AFA #'s 1, 2, 3, 10, 14, 15, 18-21, 28, 34, 36, 37, Miscellaneous Archive Shows M19, M21, M49, M60 and FTR #'s 2, 3, 5, 6, 42, 43, 44, 48, 49, 50, 53, 58, 59, 64, 98, 121, 147, 149, 154, 159.) (Recorded on 5/1/86.)

AFA-18 Who Shot the Pope?, Part 2 - The P-2 Lodge and the Vatican Banking Scandals (Approximately 240 minutes)

The second program in this five-part series analyzes a series of banking scandals involving the Vatican, as well as their effect on international and Vatican political reality. Political relationships evolving from Vatican entanglements during the Second World War figure prominently in the discussion (see AFA-17 for information about Licio Gelli and Cardinal Giovanni Battista Montini, later Pope Paul VI.) In particular, the Vatican's relationship with members of the P-2 lodge determined the course of events that precipitated the scandals. Founded by Mussolini ally and (according to author David Yallop) former Waffen SS liaison officer Licio Gelli, the P-2 lodge functioned as a de facto crypto-fascist government in the 1960's, 70's and early 80's. Utilizing blackmail and, as called for, murder to enforce obedience and loyalty, Gelli recruited from among the Italian elite. Prominent military and intelligence officials, business and media figures, politicians and Mafiosi comprised the membership of the avowedly fascist organization, making it a center of consummate, occult political power in Italy. P-2 members Michele Sindona and Roberto Calvi served as successive financial consultants to the Vatican. In that capacity, they worked with the head of the Vatican Bank (the IOR.) Sindona was a Mafioso and Calvi the head of the Banco Ambrosiano, Italy's largest. The association between the fascist P-2 and the Vatican's financial establishment bred corruption, scandal and murder, including what was almost certainly the killing of a Pope. Both Sindona and Calvi were among people associated with the Vatican banking scandals who were either murdered or became "apparent suicides." Pope Paul VI midwived the relationship between the P-2 and the IOR. Under the stewardship of Archbishop Paul Marcinkus, the Vatican Bank became involved in numerous illegal transactions. In addition to documenting many of the Vatican/P-2 illegalities, the program highlights the circumstances surrounding the untimely and suspicious death of Pope John Paul I. Known for his devout and populist attitude as a Cardinal, the new Pope was moving in the direction of severing the connection between the Vatican and the P-2 and disciplining Marcinkus and others. Had the truth emerged about these scandals, many of the participants would have gone to prison and the power politics of the Vatican fundamentally altered. The Pope's sudden death eliminated an immediate threat. One of the most important parts of the program, the analysis of the facts concerning the Pope's demise strongly suggests that he was poisoned. When John Paul II took office, he perpetuated the relationship between the IOR and the P-2 and then called in Hermann Abs, formerly of the Deutsche Bank, to help straighten out the financial mess. Abs had been Nazi Germany's most important banker and continued his career uninterrupted in the post-war years. In addition to Abs, the Pope selected Swiss financier Philippe de Weck to help advise the IOR. De Weck had previously been linked to a scandal involving a "petroleum-sniffing plane." That scandal appears to have involved the World Anti-Communist League. Program highlights include: discussion of the bad loans made by Banco Ambrosiano and guaranteed by the IOR (those loans brought about the collapse of Banco Ambrosiano); Roberto Calvi's suspicious suicide in London following the collapse of Ambrosiano; Sindona's charge that the bad loans were made to fund anti-communist activities in Latin America; Sindona's involvement in the collapse of the Franklin National Bank; an attempted jailbreak by Sindona (serving time in the United States for the Franklin collapse); the murders of journalists and/or investigators into the shady financial activities of Sindona, Gelli & company; the alleged "suicide" of Sindona in an Italian prison; the alleged "suicides" of a Banco Ambrosiano colleague of Calvi and his personal secretary (both "jumped" from the window of the Ambrosiano's Milan headquarters); a Sindona-Marcinkus-Mafia scheme involving stolen securities. (See also: AFA #'s 17, 19-21, 28, 34, Miscellaneous Archive Shows M49, M60 and FTR #'s 2, 3, 5, 6, 42, 43, 44, 53, 58, 59, 64.) (Recorded on 5/8/86.)

AFA-19 Who Shot The Pope?, PartIII - The P-2 Lodge (cont'd) (Approx. 240 minutes)

Although not well known, Licio Gelli's P-2 Lodge has wielded a profound influence on the history of the second half of this century. This broadcast documents and analyzes some of the activities of the P-2 in Italy and around the world. Much of the discussion focuses on attempts by the P-2 milieu to destabilize Italian democracy and bring fascism back to Italy. Aided by the CIA in this effort, the P-2 was instrumental in staging two unsuccessful coup attempts in the early 1970's, followed by a program of terrorist incidents. According to information developed by the Pike Committee (a congressional committee investigating CIA misdeeds), P-2 member Michele Sindona was the conduit between the CIA and the architects of "the Strategy of Tension." Formalized by Italian fascist Stephano Delle Chiaie, the Strategy of Tension was a program of terror designed to discredit the Italian left and provoke a reduction of civil liberties and a broadening of police and surveillance powers. Its ultimate goal was a restoration of fascism in Italy. Epicenter of the Strategy of Tension and the coup attempts of the 70's, the so-called "Super SISMI" group functioned as an intelligence service within an intelligence service. (SISMI is one of Italy's intelligence services.) Composed of P-2 members and their allies within the SISMI, the "Super SISMI" cynically created and manipulated terrorism of both the left and the right. One of the apparent victims of the Strategy of Tension was former Italian Prime Minister Aldo Moro. Having invited the Italian Communist Party into a ruling coalition, Moro was kidnapped and murdered by the Red Brigades. (An Italian parliamentary commission investigating the activities of the P-2 lodge found that Licio Gelli had helped to found the ostensibly left-wing Red Brigades, whose program of terrorism discredited the Italian left and weakened Italian democracy.) The P-2 and its allies were very active elsewhere in the world as well. With branches in Monaco, Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina, the P-2 significantly influenced the development of fascism in Latin America. The Argentine branch of P-2 was particularly influential, with P-2 members Jose Lopez Rega, Admiral Emilio Massera and General Carlos Suarez Mason playing key roles in the fascist junta that ran Argentina in the 70's and early '80's. Noted for its brutal "dirty war" against political opponents, the junta influenced activities in other Latin American countries, including Bolivia, where it lent support to the so-called "Cocaine Coup" of 1980. That coup brought to power a group of major cocaine traffickers. It was engineered by former Gestapo officer (and U.S. intelligence agent) Klaus Barbie and his "Bridegrooms of Death" mercenaries. That group included the aforementioned Stephano Delle Chiaie and P-2 member Pierluigi Pagliai. Barbie, Delle Chiaie & company were, in turn, active with a Nazi emigre community in South America that included former SS Colonel Otto Skorzeny (who, like Barbie, worked for the CIA after the war) and Friedrich Schwend, the architect of Operation Bernhard (see AFA-17.) In addition to discussion of Skorzeny's weapons deals, the program highlights Skorzeny's creation of an "International Fascista." Joining together European and Latin American fascists, this Fascist International is the milieu within which Gelli, Delle Chiaie and their ilk existed and operated. Particular emphasis is on "Operation Condor," an international assassination consortium among Latin American fascist dictatorships. Aided by elements of U.S. intelligence, Operation Condor claimed, among other victims, Chilean diplomat Orlando Letelier, assassinated in Washington D.C. with the apparent connivance of George Bush's CIA. Operation Condor was distinguished by attempts at blaming the killings on the left, much like the provocations of the Strategy of Tension. Program highlights include: Gelli's attendance at Ronald Reagan's inauguration; involvement of the P-2 milieu in the "Billygate" scandal that tarnished the Carter administration; the CIA-assisted Borghese coup attempt of 1970; the Rosa Dei Venti coup attempt of 1973; Skorzeny's supplying of weapons to the Borghese and Rosa Dei Venti coup attempts; the 1969 Piazza Fontana bombing; the 1980 Bologna railway station bombing; the Anonima Sequestri group - a kidnapping consortium connected to the P-2 and organized crime; P-2 members and Italian intelligence officers Vito Miceli, Giuseppe Santovito, Pietro Musumeci and Massimo Pugliese; P-2 links to Nixon and Reagan cabinet member Alexander Haig; links between the Skorzeny-linked Merex weapons firm to the BND (Germany's intelligence service); Skorzeny's Paladin Mercenary Group (co-financed by Libyan dictator Mohammar Khadafy); Abscam stingman Mel Weinberg's connections to the Red Brigades; "Ex" CIA agents Ed Wilson and Frank Terpil's training of the Red Brigades; assassinations committed as part of the Strategy of Tension. (See also: AFA #'s 1, 2, 3, 4, 14, 15, 17, 18, 20, 21, 22, 28, 34, Miscellaneous Archive Shows M19, M21, M49, M60 and FTR #'s 2, 3, 5, 6, 42, 43, 44, 53, 58, 59, 64, 98, 130, 131, 136, 154.) (Recorded on 5/15/86.)

AFA-20 Who Shot The Pope?, Part IV - Stibam (Approximately 240 min.)

Comparatively few know the name "Stibam." Obscure, even in the annals of the guns-for-drugs business, this arms and drug-smuggling outfit figured prominently in the world of 1980's covert operations. With connections to intelligence agencies of many countries (including the United States) and overlapping the P-2 lodge, Stibam was reportedly involved with the attempt on the Pope's life. Run by Syrian-born Henri Arsan (a DEA informant), Stibam was involved with the intelligence services of many countries, was connected to many prominent individuals and was implicated in numerous scandals, including the Iran-Contra and Iraqgate affairs. One of the principal figures in Stibam was a Turkish national named Bekir Celenk, described as being very close to the fascist Grey Wolves and heavily involved with Stibam's narcotics business. (For more about the Grey Wolves, see AFA #'s 14, 21.) Mehmet Ali Agca identified Celenk as the paymaster of the plot to shoot Pope John Paul II. This program examines the operations of Stibam, its component elements and its political connections. Masquerading as a "construction company," the Milan-based firm was headquartered right above the Banco Ambrosiano's headquarters. (For more on Banco Ambrosiano and its P-2 chairman, Roberto Calvi, see AFA-18.) Elements associated with the P-2 figure prominently in Stibam's affairs. Ronald Reagan, Richard Nixon and actor Rossano Brazzi were involved with Stibam deals, in the company of veteran intelligence officer and P-2 member Giuseppe Santovito. Another Stibam operation involved the sale of AK-47 rifles for the Nicaraguan Contras. Other gambits involved the sale of American arms to the Khomeini regime in Iran, to use against the Iraqis in the Iran-Iraq war. Other Stibam programs constituted part of what has popularly-termed "Iraqgate," the arming of Saddam Hussein by the West. One of the most spectacular and dangerous of the Stibam undertakings involved the sale of thermonuclear weapons to an Arab nation (believed to have been either Syria or Saudi Arabia.) This operation involved an individual named Glauco Partel and described in the Italian press as being a "missile expert" and working for "the NSA." One of Partel's companions was a U.S. intelligence veteran named Eugene Bartholomeus, whose curriculum included work with the much-traveled "ex-" CIA agent Ed Wilson and for the Nugan Hand Bank in Australia. (For more on Ed Wilson, see AFA-4, and for information about the Nugan Hand, see AFA-25.) Associated with numerous intelligence services (including and especially American) Stibam had, as Mr. Emory says "more connections than a switch-board." When investigations into the operation produced a massive series of arrests in November of 1982, people involved with the investigation began to die. Program higlights include: Details about Sutas, Stibam's Los Angeles Branch; the story of the Broggi Izzar arms operation of Renato Gamba, partly financed by the Banco Ambrosiano; analysis of the Stibam network as an extension of the "Balkan Route" heroin connection of Corsican gangster Auguste Ricord; Ricord's World War II Nazi collaboration, including the beginning of his life-long associate with Gestapo officer and Gehlen agent Klaus Barbie; Stibam deals involving arms captured by Israel in numerous conflicts; the untimely deaths of Stibam-connected figures Henry Arsan, Giuseppe Santovito and Bekir Celenk (among others); the bomb attack on Judge Carlo Parlermo, whose investigation of Stibam on behalf of the Italian authorities has yielded devastating disclosures; connections between Palermo's investigation and Nazi Gold from World II; evidentiary tributaries running in the direction of Colonia Dignidad, an emigre Nazi conclave in Chile. (See AFA #'s 4, 22, 27, 30 and 37, Miscellaneous Archive Show M59, as well as FTR #'s 65, 121, 136. For more on Colonia Dignidad and Operation Condor.) (For more on Stibam and related topics, see AFA #'s 17-19, 21, 25, 34 as well as FTR #'s 43, 59, 98.) (Recorded on 5/22/86.)

AFA-21 Who Shot The Pope?, Part V - Western Intelligence Connections (Approximately 240 Minutes)

The program sets forth abundant evidence suggesting the involvement of elements of Western intelligence agencies in the formulation and dissemination of the so-called "Bulgarian Connection" to the attempt on the life of Pope John Paul II. (This "Connection" comprised an alleged conspiracy between the KGB and their Bulgarian allies designed to kill the Pope, presumably because of his support for the Solidarity movement in Poland.) In addition, the broadcast highlights a number of important facts that indicate how some of these same Western intelligence elements may have arranged the crime themselves. The Bulgarian connection first surfaced in a 1983 magazine article authored by Paul Henze, a former CIA station chief in Turkey. As noted in the Italian press, the attempt on the Pope took place as the Vatican and the Soviet Union were moving toward diplomatic rapprochement on several key issues: the need for nuclear disarmament, diplomatic recognition for the PLO and a de-fusing of the Solidarity crisis in Poland. (In late 1980 and early 1981, Lech Walesa’s pro-Western Solidarity movement had precipitated a declaration of martial law in Poland and the threat of military invasion by the Soviet Union.) The attempt on the Pope’s life pre-empted this rapprochement and heightened Cold War tensions, promoting discord between the Vatican and the former U.S.S.R. Significantly, former CIA official Theodore Shackley was reported to be in Italy at around this time, working with elements of the P-2 lodge and the Italian secret services. One of the agency’s most important operatives, Shackley had numerous connections to the milieu of the Iran-Contra scandal and the Stibam arms-for-drugs ring. (The Stibam operation and the Iran-Contra machinations overlap the circumstances surrounding the shooting of the Pope. For more about Stibam, see AFA-20. For more about Shackley, see AFA #s 4, 25, 27, 29, 30, 34, Miscellaneous Archive Shows M-46, M-59 and FTR #’s 111, 115, 116.) Italian intelligence elements close to the Shackley/P-2 milieu reported the alleged KGB/Bulgarian connection at the same time that they knew about the Vatican-Kremlin rapprochement! The possibility that the shooting of the Pope may have been a provocation intended to disrupt the Vatican-Kremlin relationship should not be too readily discounted. (It should be noted that the P-2 milieu involved with Shackley & company was deeply involved in the "Strategy of Tension" provocations described in AFA 19.) The Grey Wolves (the fascist/pan-Turkist party to which convicted would-be assassin Mehmet Ali Agca belonged) had strong connections to the CIA and was used by the Agency against the Turkish left in the 1960’s and 1970’s. (For more on this relationship, see FTR-59.) As CIA station chief, Paul Henze was involved with the CIA/Grey Wolf axis. Turkish journalist Ugur Mumcu (assassinated in a 1992 car bombing) reported that the CIA had a man inside the National Action Party at the time of the assassination attempt on the Pope. (The National Action Party was the parent organization of the Grey Wolves. For more on the NAP and the pan-Turkist movement, see AFA-14.) The alleged CIA liaison with the NAP was Ruzy Nazar (nee Nazaroff), a former Waffen SS man. Nazar served as an ABN delegate to the 1984 conference of the former World Anti-Communist League. (For more on WACL and the ABN, see AFA #s 14, 15, 36, 37, Miscellaneous Archive Shows M-24 and M-29 and FTR-29.) Program Highlights Include: possible connections of the CIA-connected Father Felix Andre Morlion to the development of the Bulgarian thesis; Agca’s assertion that he did not want to kill the Pope; alleged links between the U.S. embassy in Italy and Agca’s "confession;" possible connections of the "Super-Sismi" milieu described in AFA-19 to the attempt on the Pope; connections between the P-2 and the Knights of Malta (see M-6); links between former Secretary of State Alexander Haig and the source for allegations that the KGB tried to kill the Pope; the suspicious deaths of figures involved with the Western intelligence milieu implicated in the attempt on the Pope. (In addition to the above-mentioned broadcasts, see also: AFA #’s 17, 18, 38, Miscellaneous Archive Shows M-19, M-21, M-49, M-60 and FTR #’s 2, 3, 5, 42, 43, 53, 58, 64, 98, 103, 154, 183.) (Recorded on 5/29/1986.)

AFA-22 The Terror Connection, Part I - Otto Skorzeny

Although much has been written and said about "international terrorism" during the past several decades, relatively little has been said about one of the most prominent figures in the development of the methodology and organizational ontogenesis of terrorism. Former SS officer Otto Skorzeny had much to do with originating the key strategic features of terrorism, as practiced by many post-war terrorist organizations, and also had operational connections to many of them. In charge of commando operations for the Third Reich and one of Hitler’s personal favorites, Skorzeny understood that highly visible and psychologically significant operations by relatively small units could (under certain circumstances) achieve the same strategic goals as large-scale military undertakings. AFA-22 discusses Skorzeny’s World War II operations and his post-war career. As one of the leaders of ODESSA (the post-war SS organization), Skorzeny not only worked for the Reinhard Gehlen spy outfit, but the CIA as well. (For more on Gehlen, see AFA #’s 1-3, 14, 15, 36, 37. For more on ODESSA, see FTR #’s 44, 180, 185, 213, 221.) His work for intelligence services placed him in a position to work with, and sponsor some of the seminal terrorist elements of the century. A significant portion of the program deals with the Olympics massacre of 1972 and the involvement of elements of Western intelligence services with the perpetrators of that crime. Program Highlights Include: Skorzeny’s kidnapping of the son of Hungarian dictator Horthy during World War II; the role of the Horthy kidnapping in maintaining Hungarian allegiance to Nazi Germany; the operations of Haj Amin Al-Husseini on behalf of the Third Reich (Husseini was a major in the SS and the first leader of the Palestinian National Movement); Husseini’s relationship to Hassan Salameh (the father of Olympics massacre mastermind Ali Hassan Salameh); Hassan Salameh’s operations on behalf of Nazi Germany; Ali Hassam Salameh’s connections to the CIA; the connections of Salameh and Carlos the Jackal to the post-war Skorzeny/ODESSA milieu; the BND/Gehlen affiliation of Olympics Security Chief Hans Langemann; Langemann’s work sponsoring "leftist" terrorist groups in the Federal Republic of Germany (undertaken in combination with Hans Kollmar, the head of the BKA, Germany’s equivalent of the FBI); Skorzeny’s training of the first Palestinian terrorist cadre while working in Egypt for the CIA and Gehlen organization; Skorzeny’s connections to PLO leader Yasser Arafat; Skorzeny’s involvement with the Borghese coup attempt of 1970 in Italy (see AFA-19); Skorzeny’s connections to the P-2 milieu and its involvement with the "Rose of the Winds" coup plot of 1973 (see AFA-19); Skorzeny’s World War II work with Prince Borghese in the development of suicide commandos; Khadafy’s apparent sponsorship of suicide terrorist units; Skorzeny’s role in helping to develop the Libyan secret service utilized by Khadafy. (See also: AFA #’s 4, 17-21, 23, 29-35, 38, Miscellaneous Archive Shows M-19, M-21, M-47, M-48, M-49, M-58 and FTR #’s 2, 3, 5, 42, 43, 53, 58, 59, 64, 98, 103, 161, 216, 221.) (Recorded on 7/8/86.)

AFA-23 The Terror Connection, Part II - California Under Ronald Reagan (Approximately 240 minutes)

When Ronald Reagan was Governor of California, the state was the focal point of a number of highly visible, influential and politically-connected murders and terrorist plots (real and alleged) associated with activism in the African-American community and/or anti-Vietnam war movement. This program sets forth and analyzes evidence linking much of this violence to infiltration and provocation by elements of law-enforcement and the intelligence community. The broadcast begins with discussion of the Criminal Conspiracy Section of the Los Angeles Police Department, an intelligence unit of LAPD involved with political espionage, frequently conducted in conjunction with elements of the federal law enforcement and intelligence establishment (FBI and CIA in particular.) Targeting elements of the political left (the Black Panthers and related elements in particular), the unit was alleged by Louis Tackwood (one of its operatives) to have deliberately engaged in criminal activities, including murder. The unit operated outside of the city of Los Angeles and even outside of California. (By functioning outside of its municipal jurisdiction, the unit was operating illegally.) One of Tackwood’s most startling revelations concerns the "Squad 19" or "San Diego" conspiracy. Tackwood’s disclosures outline a plan for the CCS (operating in concert with elements of the CIA and the Nixon White House) to stage a violent incident at the 1972 Republican Convention in San Diego. This incident, to be blamed on "left-wing militants," was to be used as a pretext for suspending the ’72 elections and, in effect, instituting martial law. (Tackwood passed a polygraph examination and his allegations were substantiated by the Los Angeles Times, Washington Post and Newsweek.) Next, the program discusses Operation Garden Plot, a late’60’s and early ‘70’s program which coordinated local police, FBI, and military intelligence activities against the political left, the anti-Vietnam war movement in particular. Supervised by then Reagan legal adviser Edwin Meese (later U.S. Attorney General under Reagan), the undertaking spawned the plans for martial law, which were developed by Oliver North’s National Security Council in the 1980’s. (AFA-23 directly anticipated the Rex 84 martial law contingency plans that were publicly revealed in July of 1987, nearly a year later.) Much of the program deals with abundant evidence that the Symbianese Liberation Army were an "agents provateurs," operating on behalf of elements of the federal government. This portion of the broadcast draws on the seminal research on the SLA by Mr. Emory’s dear friend and colleague the late Mae Brussell. Program Highlights Include: evidence linking the CCS’s operations to a number of violent deaths in the Black Panther Party; Tackwood’s contention that the CCS was involved in the framing of Elmer "Geronimo" Pratt (a Black Panther Party member wrongly convicted of murder and later freed after decades of imprisonment); Tackwood’s contention that CCS was involved in the death of black activist George Jackson and that of his brother; Tackwood’s allegation that CCS was involved in framing black activist Angela Davis; evidence linking the Squad 19 conspiracy to Watergate; evidence suggesting that the operations originally scheduled for San Diego may have evolved into disturbances at the convention in Miami (the event was moved to that city); evidence that the various crimes of the SLA were aided and abetted by local police, as well as elements of the federal law enforcement establishment; evidence that the SLA’s operations served as a pretext for cracking down on political activism and restricting civil liberties; information indicating that the operations that took place in California under the Reagan gubernatorial administrations served as the foundation for similar machinations conducted at the federal level when Reagan became President. (See also: AFA #’s 4, 17-21, 22, 29-35, 38, Miscellaneous Archive Shows M-19, M-21, M-47, M-48, M-49, M-58 and FTR #’s 2, 3, 5, 42, 43, 53, 58, 59, 64, 98, 103, 161, 216, 221.) (Recorded on 8/28/86.)

AFA-24 The CIA, the Military & Drugs, Part I (Approximately 210 minutes)

The first of five AFA shows dealing with the intelligence community and the narcotics trade, this broadcast sets forth much of the history of this relationship. In particular, the program focuses on the role of professional, post World War II anti-communists in the growth of the heroin business. Beginning with the Bayer company’s development of heroin as a cough-depressant and cure for morphine addiction, the program sets forth the same firm’s invention of methadone, now used to treat heroin addiction. Part of the I.G. Farben chemical firm that served as the backbone of Third Reich industrial production, Bayer (the developer of aspirin) developed methadone as a synthetic opiate for treating casualties prior to World War II. It was originally called Dolophine, in honor of Adolph Hitler! Next the broadcast analyzes the role of opiates in the China theatre during World War II. Using the Green Gang of Tu Yueh Sheng (Shanghai-based opium traffickers), Ti Li (Chiang Kai Shek’s brutal interior minister) fused political repression with the drug trade. (For more on Chiang’s regime, see AFA-11.) Working with Chiang’s agents, operatives of the OSS (America’s World War intelligence service) grew accustomed to trading opium for hard intelligence, setting the stage for subsequent involvement of elements of U.S. intelligence with the drug trade. When Chiang’s army succumbed to the communist forces of Mao Tse-Tung, residual elements of the Kuomintang fled to neighboring Indo-China. Receiving arms and financing from the CIA to fight against Mao, the KMT forces used the assistance to corral the Golden Triangle drug traffic instead. In Europe, anti-communist activism also helped to promote the heroin traffic. Using the Mafia forces of Lucky Luciano against Axis sabotage on the East Coast of the United States and in aiding the Allied landing in Sicily, U.S. intelligence continued the relationship into the post-war era. Using American and Italian mobsters to subdue the vigorous Italian Communist Party, the CIA intelligence turned a blind-eye to the gangsters’ use of heroin refineries and shipping facilities to move drugs into the U.S. In France as well, the CIA used the Corsican organized crime syndicates to suppress the powerful, communist-influenced dock workers in Marseille. (In addition to blocking munitions shipments to the Indo-China war, French communists wielded real political power in post-war France. As in Italy, the military resistance against Axis armies by the communists won them considerable political support.) As in Italy, the anti-communist efforts of the Corsicans resulted in the U.S. tacitly sactioning the use of Marseille as an alternate refining center when the Sicilian and Italian refineries were closed down. This quid pro quo constituted the genesis of the famed "French Connection." Next, the broadcast highlights the role of Col. Roger Trinquier (a French officer in the Indo-China war) in developing an opium-for-intelligence infrastructure to combat the influence of Ho Chi Minh’s communists in the early 1950’s. By trading drugs for information, Trinquier was relatively successful in reducing communist activity for a period of time, setting the stage for a revival of the opium traffic as a vehicle for combating communism during the American involvement in Vietnam. The program delineates the role of the South Vietnamese Air Force and the CIA’s Air America proprietary airline in bringing heroin into South Vietnam. While providing capital to conduct the CIA’s "secret" war in Laos, this traffic resulted in an epidemic of heroin addiction among GI’s stationed in Vietnam and, ultimately, added to the flow of the drug into the United States itself. Program Highlights Include: the role of Nguyen Cao Ky (who ultimately became Vice-President of the short-lived South Vietnamese Republic) in directing the Vietnamese heroin shipments; the involvement of American gangsters associated with the Meyer Lansky syndicate and the French Connection traffic (such as Santos Trafficante) in the Southeast Asian drug trade; Richard Nixon’s role in promoting American funding of a Pepsi-Cola bottling facility that was to evolve into the largest heroin refining facility in Southeast Asia; the involvement of CIA officers Theodore Shackley, Thomas Clines and Lucien Conein in the Southeast Asian intelligence-heroin milieu. (See also: AFA #’s 20, 25-30, 32, 35, 38, Miscellaneous Archive Shows M- 39, M-40, M-41, M-43, M-44, M-47 and FTR #’s 01, 02, 29, 41, 43, 59, 106, 109, 111, 112, 115, 116, 137, 160, 168, 171, 181, 191.) (Recorded on 10/16/86.)

AFA-25 The CIA, the Military and Drugs - Part II (approximately 210 minutes)

This program focuses on the relationship between the intelligence community and the arms-for-drugs trade. Relatively well publicized after the Iran-Contra scandal came to light, this relationship has existed for some time. The broadcast begins with discussion of the Nugan Hand Bank, a combined CIA and Naval Intelligence operation supervised under the jurisdiction of Task Force 157, and ONI subsidiary run by Edwin Wilson (see AFA-4.) Deeply involved in the Southeast Asian drug traffic, the Bank also served as a funding source for covert operations, including the destabilization of the Australian Labor Party government of Gough Whitlam. The bank's key officials consisted largely of former high-ranking U.S. military and intelligence officials. Next, the program highlights the operations of Alberto Sicilia Falcon, a Cuban-American deeply involved in cross-border guns and drugs operations between the U.S. and Mexico. Apparently involved in the destabilization of the Echeverria government in Mexico, Falcon counted among his associates Sam "Mo-Mo" Giancana, the late Mafia boss of Chicago. His operations were conducted in conjunction with elements of the U.S. intelligence community. The program then sets forth an apparent operation involving the Latin American drug traffic and a plan to manufacture the Ingram Mac 10 and Mac 11 machine pistols in Costa Rica. These weapons, manufactured by veteran covert operations veteran Mitch Wer Bell (nicknamed "the Wizard of Whispering Death"), were to be assembled for the use of Latin American death squads. The names of Florida Mafia Boss Santos Trafficante and fugitive financier Robert Vesco also crop up in connection with this scheme. Much of the program consists of a re-broadcast of a long section of AFA-20, dealing with one of the most important arms-for-drugs rings, the Stibam operation. (Access the description for this program for a more detailed analysis.) (Recorded on 12/3/86.)

AFA-26 The CIA, the Military and Drugs - Part III - The Great Heroin Coup (Approximately 180 minutes)

This program focuses on the cooperative role of elements of the intelligence community and the U.S. narcotics enforcement apparatus in regulating, not interdicting, the illegal trade in narcotics. The title refers to Danish journalist Henrik Kruger's appellation for an apparent gambit, through which the Nixon administration, elements of the CIA and elements of U.S. law enforcement diminished the role of Corsican gangsters in the international heroin trade. This stratagem strengthened the role of American gangsters in the heroin traffic. Those gangsters were, not coincidentally, connected to both the Nixon administration and the CIA. Much of the story revolves around Christian David, a Corsican gangster employed by various intelligence services, including the CIA. David was ultimately brought to heel by the U.S., as part of the interdiction operation against the Corsicans. Kruger argues that an apparent "crackdown" by the Nixon administration on the heroin trade was ,in fact, a covert operation. In addition to reducing the role of the Corsicans in the heroin trade, the Nixon administration's crackdown appears to have served as a front for supporting death squad activity in Latin America. The program highlights the role of intelligence elements whose names later became well-known in the Iran-Contra affair. Another major element of discussion is an arms-and-drug smuggling operation entitled "The Company." The name is (perhaps coincidentally) a CIA-insiders' nickname for the Agency. (The criminal enterprise of the same name, discussed in this broadcast, may very well have been connected with an element of the agency.) Program Highlights Include: Christian David's involvement with the Latin American drug network of the Corsican gangster and Nazi collaborator Auguste Ricord; Veteran CIA operative Lucien Conein's employment as head of the Nixon administration's assassination apparatus (ostensibly to be employed against drug traffickers); the apparent employment of the Conein operation as a para-fascist terror apparatus in Latin America; the apparent role of the Conein apparatus as a vehicle for eliminating traffickers competing with Nixon organized crime allies; CIA officer Theodore Shackley's operations (apparently) conducted in conjunction with the drug trade (Shackley's name became well known during the Iran-Contra affair); CIA officer Thomas Clines' involvement in operations with Shackley (Clines' name also figured in the Iran-Contra revelations); the operational backgrounds of Shackley, Clines and Conein in Southeast Asia during the Vietnam War; hit-man Charles Harrelson's charge that elements of the DEA had Judge John Wood killed (Harrelson was convicted of killing Wood); Harrelson's claim of first-hand knowledge of the assassination of President Kennedy; Harrelson's operations on behalf of "The Company;" connections between "The Company" and organized-crime figures from the JFK assassination milieu; "The Company" and the smuggling of weaponry from the top-secret China Lake Naval Weapons Station; "The Company's" trafficking of the China Lake weaponry to Libya (Shackley and Clines were involved with "ex" CIA operative Ed Wilson's operations on behalf of Khadafy.) (See also: AFA #'s 4, 14, 15, 19-21, 24, 25, 27,28, 29-34, as well as Miscellaneous Archive Shows M39, M40, M41, M43, M44, M47, M59 and FTR #'s 01, 02, 29, 41, 43, 106, 109, 110, 111, 112, 115, 116, 130, 131, 137, 160, 171, 168, 174, 181, 183, 192.) (Recorded on 1/27/87.)

AFA-27 The CIA, the Military & Drugs, Part IV (Approximately 210 minutes)

Developing a line of inquiry presented in the preceding broadcast, this program focuses on narco-terrorism in Latin America. Particular emphasis is on intelligence-related elements that figured in the Iran-Contra scandal, anti-Castro Cubans in particular. Much of the discussion centers on activities that took place when George Bush was in charge of the CIA. After reviewing the Latin American narcotics network of Corsican gangster and Third Reich collaborator Auguste Ricord (see AFA-26), the broadcast focuses on the role of Ricord associate Klaus Barbie in the 1980 "Cocaine Coup" in Bolivia. The Gestapo chief of Lyons (France) during the war, Barbie found post-war employment with American intelligence, first with the Army's Counter Intelligence Corps, and later with the CIA. With the aid of elements of the Central Intelligence Agency and the Unification Church of Sun Myung Moon (see AFA #'s 7, 14), Barbie and a group of fascist terrorists associated with the narcotics trade overthrew the Bolivian government and established a dictatorship under General Garcia-Meza. Under this regime, the business of cocaine kingpin Roberto Suarez thrived, aided by Barbie and his "bridegrooms of death." Doubling as para-fascist terrorists and enforcers for the government, Barbie and his cutthroats aided the bloody suppression of trade unions and the political left in the coup's aftermath. Barbie's cocaine mercenaries included some interesting individuals. German-born Joachim Fiebelkorn (a neo-Nazi and informant for the Drug Enforcement Agency) was joined with Italian fascists, such as Pierluigi Pagliai (a member of the infamous P-2 lodge discussed in AFA #'s 18,19) and the notorious fascist Stefano Delle Chiaie, a principal architect of the "strategy of tension." The strategy of tension (a major focal point of AFA-19) was an out-cropping of what Danish journalist Henrik Kruger termed "the International Fascista." (Kruger is the author of The Great Heroin Coup: Drugs, Intelligence and International Fascism, published in softcover by the South End Press of Boston, copyright 1980. Mr. Emory views the work as the best individual volume ever written on the subject of the intelligence community and the narcotics trade.) A consortium of fascists in Europe and Latin America, International Fascista included numerous Latin death squad elements, elements of U.S. intelligence and the Paladin mercenary group (funded by Libyan dictator Khadafy, as well as the weapons empire of SS officer and sometime CIA operative Otto Skorzeny.) A principal figure in the postwar ODESSA organization, Skorzeny is discussed at considerable length in AFA-22. One of the major cogs of the International Fascista was CORU, arguably the most militant and deadly of the anti-Castro Cuban organizations. CORU was involved in a string of bombings, assassinations and terrorist attacks in the mid 1970's, including the 1976 assassination of Orlando Letelier in Washington D.C. CORU's reign of terror took place when George Bush was director of the CIA, and an element of the agency appears to have been involved with it. Program Highlights Include: "Operation Condor" (an international assassination consortium of Latin American dictatorships); a number of assassinations and attempted assassinations conducted under "Condor;" Argentine fascist and P-2 lodge member Jose Lopez Rega; Italian fascist and Skorzeny associate Prince Justo Valerio Borghese; former Goebbels Propaganda Ministry official Gerhard Hartmut Von Schubert (the operating manager of the Paladin group); Paladin's overlap with Spanish intelligence and the CIA; Operation Condor's attempts at disguising its acts as left-wing terror; the position of the World Anti-Communist League in the milieu set forth in this broadcast. (See also: AFA #'s 4, 14, 15, 19-22, 24, 25, 26, 29-34, as well as Miscellaneous Archive Shows M39, M40, M41, M43, M44, M47, M59 and FTR #'s 01, 02, 29, 41, 43, 106, 109, 110, 111, 112, 115, 116, 130, 131, 137, 160, 171, 168, 174, 181, 183, 192.) (Recorded on 3/15/87.)

AFA-28 The CIA, the Military & Drugs, Part V - The CIA & LSD (Approximately 180 minutes)

Beginning with the CIA's research into LSD as part of its investigation of mind control techniques (see AFA #'s 5, 6, 7), this broadcast highlights the profound role of the intelligence community in the dissemination of hallucinogens and the development of the recreational culture attached to their use. The CIA and military experimented with the drug (LSD) in a variety of clinical and social environments. In addition to producing psychotic and (in some cases) lethal results, this experimentation also served to infiltrate the drug into intellectual and popular culture. Writers Aldous Huxley, Ken Kesey and Allen Ginsberg were introduced to the drug (directly or indirectly) through the national security establishment's LSD experimentation programs. Timothy Leary's early research into LSD was subsidized, to some extent, by the CIA. Later, Leary's LSD proselytization was greatly aided by William Mellon Hitchcock, a member of the powerful Mellon family. The financing of the Mellon-Leary collaboration was effected through the Castle Bank, a Caribbean operation that was deeply involved in the laundering of CIA drug money. After moving to the West Coast, Leary hooked up with a group of ex-bikers, the Brotherhood of Eternal Love. This group became the largest LSD synthesizing and distributing organization in the world. Their "chief chemist" was a curious individual named Ronald Hadley Stark. An enigmatic, multi-lingual and well-traveled individual, Stark worked for the CIA, and appears to have been with the agency when he was making the Brotherhood's acid. The quality of his product projected the Brotherhood of Eternal Love into its leadership role in the LSD trade. Stark also operated in conjunction with the Italian intelligence/fascist milieu described in AFA #'s 17-21. The broadcast underscores the possibility that LSD and other hallucinogens may have been disseminated, in part, in order to diffuse the progressive political activism of the 1960's. Program Highlights Include: CIA director Allen Dulles' promotion of psychological research by the Agency; the work of CIA physician Dr. Sidney Gottlieb for the Agency's Technical Services Division; connections between Stark and the kidnapping and assassination of Italian Prime Minister Aldo Moro; Stark's mysterious death in prison while awaiting trial; Leary's connections to the milieu of the "left" CIA and the role those connections appear to have played in Leary's flight from incarceration; the CIA's intense interest in (and involvement with) the Haight-Ashbury scene of the 1960's. (See also: AFA #'s 19-21, 24, 25, 26, 27, 29-34, as well as Miscellaneous Archive Shows M39, M40, M41, M43, M44, M47, M59 and FTR #'s 01, 02, 29, 41, 43, 106, 109, 110, 111, 112, 115, 116, 130, 131, 137, 160, 171, 168, 174, 181, 183, 190, 192.) (Recorded on 4/26/87.)

AFA29 -- The Iran-Contragate Scandal, Part 1: The Drug Connection
Focuses on the role of drug profits and the cocaine trade in financing the Contra support effort. In addition to examining the Christic Institute's affidavit, the discussion focuses on the "Pizza Connection" and its ties to the Iran-Contra scandal.

Initial broadcast 14 June 1987, 200 minutes

AFA30 -- The Iran-Contragate Scandal, Part 2: Terror In Latin America
Extends discussion of the Terpil-Wilson operation covered in AFA number 4 to events in Central America. The program presents evidence of Central American provocations planned by Terpil & Wilson's associates and the group's central position in the Iran-Contra scandal.

Initial broadcast 28 June 1987, 200 minutes

AFA31 -- The Iran-Contragate Scandal, Part 3: The Destabilization Of President Carter
Examines how individuals discussed in AFA program numbers 4 and 30 cooperated in a number of operations aimed at de-stabilizing the presidency of Jimmy Carter by manipulating the Iranian hostage crisis of 1979 - 80. The broadcast centers on the role of American political figures in effecting that crisis, the failure of the "Desert One" hostage rescue attempt of April 1980 and the apparent "October Surprise" deal to delay the release of the hostages and assure Carter's reelection defeat.

Initial broadcast 30 August 1987, 500 minutes

AFA31-2 -- The Iran-Contragate Scandal, Part 3: An Interview with Farah Mansoor
This series of interviews covers the landmark research of Farah Mansoor, a member of the Iranian resistance whose historic research on the rise of the Khomeini regime documents the decisive role of the United States in developing Islamic fundamentalist forces in that country as the anti-communist successors to the Shah's government. Farah has documented that U.S. Ambassador to Iran, Richard Helms, learned that the Shah had cancer in 1974. Former Director of Central Intelligence Helms promptly informed the CIA and Department of State with the result that, by 1976, George Bush's CIA was actively supporting and grooming the Khomeini forces. The subsequent takeover of the U.S. embassy in Teheran, the withholding of the U.S. hostages until after President Carter's defeat was assured, the Khomeini government itself and the Iran-Contra scandal proper were all outgrowths of this profound and long-standing relationship. It should be noted that parts of this relationship have been misunderstood as what has become known as "the October Surprise." Although there was, massive collusion between the Reagan-Bush campaign and the Khomeini forces during the 1980 election campaign, there was no "deal" cut during the campaign. Rather, the "deal" was part of a covert operation begun years before and the collusion during the campaign was an outgrowth of it. These interviews are also part of AFA program number 38 (Part 5).

Initial broadcast ?, 450 minutes

AFA32 -- The Iran-Contragate Scandal, Part 4: Staging the Fourth Reich
Sets forth evidence that the U.S. national security establishment may have been planning a fascist coup in response to a terrorist provocation. The program deals primarily with the "Rex 84" martial-law contingency plan and its implementation in response to a terrorist "incident". Rex '84 appears to stem from a contingency plan to intern black Americans in concentration camps.

Initial broadcast 13 September 1987, 180 minutes

AFA33 -- The Iran-Contragate Scandal, Part 5: The Cover-up, Part A
Discusses the untimely deaths of many important witnesses to and participants in the Iran-Contra scandal. The program also focuses on apparent political burglaries which helped prevent disclosure of many aspects of the scandal.

Initial broadcast October 1987, 180 minutes

AFA34 -- The Iran-Contragate Scandal, Part 6: The Cover-Up, Part B
Explores connections between Iran-Contragate "investigators" and the people and institutions they were supposed to examine. Vital supplementary information connects the Iran-Contra scandal with the 1981 shooting of the Pope and events described in AFA program numbers 18 - 21. Includes numerous addendum.

Initial broadcast 13 December 1987, 360 minutes

AFA35 -- The December Surprise: The Politics of Terror and the Exoneration of the Secret Team
Describes an apparent role of the December 1988 terrorist bombing of Pan Am Flight 103 in the cover-up of the Iran-Contra scandal. Along with the fatal plane crash of Oliver North associate Amiram Nir Nisker, the Pan Am bombing appears to have necessitated the dismissal of conspiracy charges against Oliver North. The evidence suggests that elements associated with North perpetrated the outrage on behalf of the players in the Iran-Contra scandal. Includes numerous addendum.

Initial broadcast 8 January 1989, 430 minutes

AFA36 -- The Destabilization of the USSR and Eastern Europe: The Prelude to World War III?
This program analyzes the Persian Gulf War, U.S. covert action in the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe and Reagan-Bush defense and foreign policies as coordinated elements of a strategy to pressure and destabilize Russia. The broadcast focuses on American promotion of resurgent fascist elements in that part of the world and the possibility that the American strategy might result in a return of the Cold War or the start of a third world war. (See also AFA program numbers 1,2,3,14 and 15)

Initial Broadcast March 1991, 640 minutes

AFA37 -- How the United States Lost the Second World War
Considered by Mr. Emory to be his best work, this massive archive program merits serious consideration as the most revealing explanation of the Cold War to date. The history of intellectual endeavor teaches that prevailing theories in the academic disciplines may be disproved and supplanted in time. Taken in combination with its immediate predecessor AFA program number 36, this work documents the working hypothesis that during the Cold War, German fascism and the Third Reich did not disappear as is commonly believed but rather survived underground and achieved a very real political and economic victory over the Allies.

In the aftermath of World War I, the German Nazis learned that anti-communism could be used to achieve strategic leverage over Germany's prospective enemies such as Great Britain and the United States. The Third Reich utilized this stratagem to establish Fifth Column movements in countries they had targeted for conquest. Those movements were composed largely of sympathizers who viewed the Third Reich as a bulwark against communism. The Third Reich sought to escape the full consequences of military defeat in World War II by playing the anti-communist card again.

When it became clear that the armies of the Third Reich were going to be defeated, it opened secret negotiations with representatives from the Western Allies. Representatives on both sides belonged to the transatlantic financial and industrial fraternity that had actively supported fascism (see Miscellaneous program numbers 11, 42 and AFA program numbers 1,2 and 10). The thrust of these negotiations was the establishment of The Christian West. Viewed by the Nazis as a vehicle for surviving military defeat, "The Christian West" involved a Hitler-less Reich joining with the U.S., Britain, France and other European nations in a transatlantic, pan-European anti-Soviet alliance. In fact, The Christian West became a reality only after the cessation of hostilities.

The de-Nazification of Germany was aborted. Although a few of the more obvious and obnoxious elements of Nazism were removed, Nazis were returned to power at virtually every level and in almost every capacity in the Federal Republic of Germany. A Hilter-less Reich then was incorporated into the anti-Soviet alliance the Third Reich's leaders had envisioned -- NATO.

One of the central elements in AFA 37, the Reinhard Gehlen spy organization functioned as a Trojan Horse vis-a-vis the United States. By deliberately exaggerating Soviet intentions and capabilities in order to alarm the United States, the Gehlen organization greatly exacerbated cold-war tensions and manipulated them to Germany's advantage.

Perhaps the most important effect of the Gehlen organization was to introduce "rollback" or "liberation theory" into American strategic thinking. Rollback was a political warfare and covert operation strategy which had its genesis in the Third Reich Ostministerium headed by Alfred Rosenberg. This strategy entailed enlisting the aid of dissident Soviet ethnic minorities to overthrow the Soviet Union. In return, these minorities and their respective republics were to be granted nominal independence while serving as satellite states of "Greater Germany."

In its American incarnation, liberation theory called for "rolling back" communism out of Eastern Europe and the break-up of the Soviet Union into its constituent ethnic Republics. Lip-service was given to initiating democracy in the "liberated" countries. Liberation theory was projected into mainstream American political consciousness through the Crusade for Freedom. This enormous CIA domestic media campaign not only established liberation theory as a dominant element in American strategic thinking but also projected European fascists associated with the Gehlen milieu into positions of prominence within the powerful ethnic voting blocks in America.

The Gehlen imports combined with domestic reactionary elements to form a powerful fascistic and ultimately triumphant political engine referred to in AFA 37, as the "rollback" or "liberation milieu."

AFA 37 traces the evolution of this milieu and its influence on international and domestic political affairs. The liberation milieu cemented its triumph in American politics through the assassination of President Kennedy. The program highlights the roles of Gehlen-related elements and intelligence agents associated with the petroleum industry in the JFK assassination. Particular emphasis is on George Bush's connections to this milieu as well as the milieu's relationship to the defense industry, military intelligence and corporate America.

AFA 37 analyzes the Reagan and Bush administrations as the realization of the goals of liberation theory as well as the fulfillment of National Security Counsel Number 68. NSC 68 was the blueprint for U.S. strategy during the Cold War. Heavily influenced by the work of the Gehlen organization, NSC 68 called for the destabilization of the U.S.S.R. through a massive military buildup by the U.S. The strategy sought to bankrupt the Soviet economy through an arms race and to promote agitation among the dissident Soviet ethnic groups by Gehlen-related intelligence elements. In addition, the document called for an accompanying propaganda blitz in the United States to convince the American people to support the military buildup as well as the suppression of political dissidents.

The Reagan and Bush administrations instituted the principles of NSC 68 and accomplished the aims of liberation theory. The realization of those goals also did enormous damage to the United States. The cost of bankrupting the Soviet Union, turned the United States into the world's biggest debtor nation, severely damaged its infrastructure and crippled its competitive economic advantage internationally. In addition, the United States badly compromised its democratic institutions during the Cold War, possibly beyond repair.

AFA 37 hypothesizes that the realization of liberation theory primarily benefited Germany rather than the United States. Indeed, the recovery of Germany's "lost territories" was the goal of Gehlen's alliance with the western powers and was the raison d'etre for the Vertviebene groups. Founded by the SS and funded by the German government, the Vertriebene groups were part of the liberation milieu described above. Their activity has increased dramatically since the end of the Cold War. The BND, the current German government intelligence service and the final incarnation of the Gehlen organization, has been extremely active in the newly "liberated" territories where it has worked hand in glove with major German corporations and the various Nazi parties of Germany to realize Hitler's goal of a "greater Germany."

See also AFA program numbers 1,2,3,10 - 15,17,22, 36, Miscellaneous 42, 59 and 60.

Researchers who are particularly interested in this information area should be sure to obtain the "Wilhelm Stauffer" interview cassettes (SI09).

Intial broadcast ?, ? minutes

AFA38 -- The Terror Connection, Part 3: Realizing The Fourth Reich

AFA-38 is now available

This massive series details the complicity of elements of U.S. intelligence with international terrorists and examines the evolution of the U.S. government's inter-agency counter-terrorist networks. The program documents the involvement of elements of U.S. intelligence with Monzer Al-Kassar; with the Gander, Newfoundland crash of December 1985; the Achille Lauro hi-jacking; the formation and installation of fundamentalist forces in Iran as well as their takeover of the U.S. Embassy; and other key events in the terrorism of the 1970s and 80s. Of particular interest is the landmark research of Farah Mansoor, a member of the Iranian resistance whose historic research on the rise of the Khomeini regime documents the decisive role of the United States in developing Islamic fundamentalist forces in that country as the anti-communist successors to the Shah's government. Farah has documented that U.S. Ambassador to Iran, Richard Helms, learned that the Shah had cancer in 1974. Former Director of Central Intelligence Helms promptly informed the CIA and Department of State with the result that, by 1976, George Bush's CIA was actively supporting and grooming the Khomeini forces. The subsequent takeover of the U.S. embassy in Teheran, the withholding of the U.S. hostages until after President Carter's defeat was assured, the Khomeini government itself and the Iran-Contra scandal proper were all outgrowths of this profound and long-standing relationship. It should be noted that parts of this relationship have been misunderstood as what has become known as "the October Surprise." Although there was, massive collusion between the Reagan-Bush campaign and the Khomeini forces during the 1980 election campaign, there was no "deal" cut during the campaign. Rather, the "deal" was part of a covert operation begun years before and the collusion during the campaign was an outgrowth of it.

Much of the series is devoted to the evolution of the inter-agency counter-terror networks that grew out of the Vice-President's Task Force on combating terrorism headed by George Bush. These inter-agency networks were utilized by Oliver North and company during the Contra war to bypass the Boland Amendment forbidding aid to the Contras. AFA 38 documents the people and elements involved in precipitating terrorism through the Vice-President's Task Force, the inter-agency networks growing out of it, and the Contra support effort that utilized those networks. The working hypothesis is set forth that the aforementioned terrorism and the networks stemming from the Vice-President's Task Force constitute a "creeping Reichstag" scenario. The government's counter-terrorist networks have served as a government within a government, and permitted Oliver North and other perpetrators of the Iran-Contra scandal to bypass democratic process. The terrorism that served as the justification for these networks appears to have been precipitated, in part, to justify their creation.

One of the provisions set up by National Security Directives issued by the Vice-President's Task Force is the martial-law contingency plan under the auspices of the National Security Council and the Federal Emergency Management Agency (see AFA program number 32). A major episode of the series is its analysis of the Los Angeles riots of 1992, and evidence suggesting they were deliberately precipitated as a trial run for martial law contingency plans.

The concluding portion of the program discusses both the 1993 bombing of the World Trade Center and the siege of the Branch Davidian compound at Waco against the background of these martial law contingency plans. Both incidents, the program suggests, may be part of a de-stabilization program directed against Bill Clinton, by the faction of the national security establishment connected to the Reagan-Bush administrations.

see also: AFA program numbers 4,19 - 23, 30 - 35, Miscellaneous 19, 21, 48 and 49.

Initial broadcast 1993, 15.4 hours

Copyright © 1990 - 1999 by David Emory. All rights reserved.